高清PDF《英汉化工设计施工图解词汇》中国寰球工程有限公司
由原化工工业部化学工业设计公司（现中国寰球工程有限公司北京分公司前身）和原北京石油化工总厂基本建设指挥部合作编写的《英汉化学工程图解词汇》一书，采用图形示例、英汉对照的独特编写方式，为广大石油化工战线的科技人员和工程技术人员翻译、阅读国外技术资料，提供了一本极为实用的工具书。自1985年第一版、2003年第二版出版以来，深受广大读者的欢迎。
2017年，中国寰球工程有限公司北京分公司与化学工业出版社商定，拟在2003年第二版的基础上，由中国寰球工程有限公司北京分公司组织各专业具有丰富工程设计及施工经验的技术人员，重新修编《英汉化学工程图解词汇》并更名为《英汉化工设计施工图解词汇》，删减或修改过时词汇，增收近年国内外新兴化工工艺流程相关的各专业词汇，以适应更多工程技术人员和广大读者的需求，力求做到与时俱进。
本书以炼油、化工、石油化工、煤化工、LNG等行业词汇为主要内容，收集了工艺、系统、环保、安全、设备、管道、仪表、电气、分析、建筑、结构、施工机械及检验等主要专业工程建设中的常用词汇，重点收集了一批在一般词典中不易收载的专业性较强的词汇和缩写词，共计2万余条，分成5部分。为保证本书图文的正确性，且有利于与国际通用资料接轨，书中的图例均选自与国外合作的大型工程项目的资料和厂商文件，并逐一进行核订。词汇的中文译名，以我国现行的国家标准、行业标准的命名为依据，无上述标准的，则以专业手册或习惯叫法为依据，有些词条的译名，不是机械地按英文直译，而是按我国工程上的实际使用名称译出。
目录
1工艺及公用工程Pr0cess and Utilities……1
1.1工艺流程图图例说明Process Flow Diagram/Legent Identification·1
1.1.1物料代号Line Service(Fluid)Identification…l
l.l.2在仪表符号中字母标志的意义Meanings of Identification Letters
in Instrument Symbols....................................…2
1,1,3管道图例Piping Symbols…3
1.l.4绘图示例一氨库装置Illustrative DrawingAmmonia Storage Facility,5
1.2工艺装置典型工艺流程图Typical Process Unit Flow Diagram…6
l.2.1炼厂流程框图，润滑油型Refining Block Diagram,Lube Type·6
l.2.2炼化一体化流程框图，炼油部分Refining Chemical Complex Block
Diagram,Refining Part............................……7
1.2.3炼化一体化流程框图，化工部分Refining Chemical Complex Block
Diagram,Chemical Part……9
l.2.4合成氨装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Ammonia Plant·11
1.2.5尿素装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Urea Plant.................13
1.2.6乙烯装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram For Ethylene Plant 15
l.2.7线性低密度聚乙烯装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for LLDPE 16
1.2.8管式法低密度聚乙烯/乙烯-醋酸乙烯共聚物装置工艺流程图Process Fllow
Diagram for L-Tubular DPE/EVA Plant…………17
1.2.9聚丙烯装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Polypropylene 18
l.2.10聚氯乙稀装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for PVC(Polyvinyl
Chl0ride)Plant………………………………20
1.2.11环氧乙烷/乙二醇装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Ethylene
Oxide/Ethylene Glycol Plant..................................................21
l.2.12合成气制乙二醇装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Syngas
to Ethylene Glycol Plant……23
1.2.13天然气液化装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Natural Gas
Liquefaction Plant...........25
l.2.l4液化天然气接收站工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Liquefied Natural Gas (LNG)Receiving Terminal……27
1.2.15MTO装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Methanol to Olefin (MTO)29
l.2.l6MTP工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Methanol to Propylene·30
1.2.17丙烷脱氢装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Propane Dehydrogenation (PDH)Plant.................31
l.2.18煤气化工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Coal Gasification…32
1.2.19煤制油工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Coal to Oil Plant·34
1,2.20煤制甲醇工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Coal to Methanol…36
1.2.21低温甲醇洗工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Rectisol…37
1.2.22精对苯二甲酸装置(PTA)工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for PTA Plant 38
1.2.23苯乙烯/环氧丙烷(SM/PO)装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for SM/PO Plant…38
1.2.24聚醚多元醇装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Polyether PolyolPlant 39
1.3公用工程典型工艺流程图Typical Utility Flow Diagram 40
l.3.1空分空压装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Air Separation Unit and Compressed Air“Station”*…40
l.3.l.1深冷空分装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Cryogenic Air Separation Unit 40
1.3.1.2变压吸附制氮装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for PSA Nitrogen Generation Unit 42
1,3.1.3真空凌压吸附制氧装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for VPSA Oxygen Generation Unit............42
1.3.l.4膜分离制氮装置工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Membrane Module Nitrogen Generation Unit............................................42
1.3.1.5空压站工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Compressed Air Station 43
1.3.2循环冷却水工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Recirculating Cooling Water System 43
l.3.3净水场工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Raw Water Treatment Plant……44
l.3.4储运系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Storage and Transportation System 44
1.3.5离子交换除盐水系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Demineralized Water System (Ion Exchanger System)...................45
1.3.6污水处理工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Waste Water Treatment System 47
1.3.7含盐废水处理装置流程图Process Flow Diagram for Salty Waste WaterTreatment Unit 49
1.3.8浓盐水蒸发系统流程图Process Flow Diagram for Brine Water Evaporation System.............................51
1.3.9浓盐水结晶系统流程图Process Flow Diagram for Brine Water Crystallizatic0n System…………51
1.3.10反渗透除盐水工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Demineralized Water System (Reverse Osmosis System)52
1.3.11锅炉房系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Boiler House…53
1.3.11.1锅炉房给水系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Feed Water System of Boiler House 53
1.3.11.2锅炉房锅炉给水系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Boiler Feed Water System of Boiler House........................................54
1.3.11.3锅炉房锅炉燃烧系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Boiler Combustion System of Boiler House...............55
1.3.12热电站系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Thermal and Power Station..56
1.3.12.1热电站汽机系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Steam Turbine System of Thermal and Power Station..........................56
1.3.12.2汽轮机空冷系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Steam Turbine Air-Cooling Steam Condenser System............................57
1.3.12.3热电站锅炉系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Boiler System of Thermal and Power Station……58
1.3.12.4热电站锅炉燃烧系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Boiler Combustion System of Thermal and Power Station.......................58
1.3.12.5氯法烟气脱疏工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Desulfurization(FGD)）System(Ammonia)“59
1.3.12.6石灰石/石灰-石膏法烟气脱硫工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Desulfurization (FGD)System (Limestone/Lime-Gypsum）60
1.3.12.7烟气脱硝SCR系统流程图Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Selective Catalytic Reduction (SCR)Denitrification System .......60
1.3.12.8尿素SNCR脱硝系统流程图Process Flow Diagram for Flue Gas Urea Selective Non-Catalytic Reduction (SNCR)Denitrification System…61
1.3.12.9余热ORC发电系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Waste Heat Organic Rankiee Cycle (ORC)Power Generation System.........62
1.3.13物料处理系统典型工艺流程图Typical Process Flow Diagram for Material Handling System........62
1.3.13.1破碎第分系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Crushing and Screening System…………62
l.3.l3.2添加剂计量系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for AdditiveMetering System…63
1.3.13.3挤压造粒系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Extrusion Pelletizing System………63
1.3.13.4掺混及储存系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Blending and Storing System64
l.3.13.5包装码操系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Packing and Palletizing System ..…t……64
l.3.13.6煤储运系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Coal Storage and Transport System65
1.3.13.7磨煤千燥装置(CMD)工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Coal
Milling and Drying System.....................66
1.4工艺流程模拟计算Process Flowsheet Simulation…67
1.4.1工艺流程图Process Flowsheet67
1.4.2热力学模型Thermodynamic Model68
1.4.3模型修正Model Modify69
1.4,4用户输入User Input……………70
1.4.5石油馏分数据Petroleum Component Data71
1,4,6蒸缩塔Distillation Column72
l,4.7尺寸设计和校核Sizing and Rating…73
l.4.8收敛数据Convergence Data…74
1.4.9优化Optimization:75
l.4.l0流程收敛Flowsheet Convergence76
1.4.11用户定义Userinterface……77
1.4.12结果汇总Result Summary……78
1.4.13设置选项Setup Option……*…79
l.4.14用户定制模拟程序Customizing Simulation Engine80
1.4.l5塔内件Column Internals 81
l.4.16负荷性能图Hydraulic Plots…82
l.4.I7流动场分析Computational Fluid Dynamics 83
2环境保护Environmental Protection……84
2.1化工企业排放的主要污染物Pollutants Discharged by Chemical Industrial Entepppise........................84
2.1.1废气污染物Waste Gas Pollutants………84
2.l.2废水污染物Waste Water Pollutants……84
2.1.3固体废弃物Waste Solid 85
2.1.4其他0thers…………………………85
2.2环境质量Environmental Quality………85
2.2.1环境空气质量Ambient Environmental Quality*85
2.2.2地表水环境质量Surface Water Environmental Quality…86
2.2.3声环境质量Noise Environmental Quality 86
2.2.4其他Others 86
2.3化工企业三废污染控制Chemical Industrial Enterprise Wastes Pollution Control 86
2.3.1大气污染控制Air Pollution Control 86
2.3.2工艺废水污染控制Process Wastewater Pollution Control…86
2.3.3固体废物污染控制Waste Solid Pollution Control 88
2.3.4噪声污染控制Noise Pollution Control 88
2.4大气污染物扩散Air Pollutant Dispersion 88
2.4.1烟羽形态The Shapes of Stack Plumes 88
2.4.2局地环流对大气污染的影响Effects of Atmospheric Circulation in Localized Areas on Air Pollution.................89
2.4.2.1海陆风对沿岸地带空气污染的影响Effect of Ocean Wind and LandWind on Air Pollution in Coast-Land 89
2.4.2.2热岛效应Heat1 sland Effect………………89
2.5固体废弃物处理Vaste Solid Treatment…89
2.5.1安全填埋场Security Landfill Disposal Site 89
2.5.2焚烧厂Incineration Plant……90
2.6污染物治理措施Pollution Control Facility 91
2.6.1废气治理措施Waste Gas Treatment…91
2.6.1.1 VOCs吸收工艺流程图VOCs Absorption Process Flow Diagram.............................91
2.6.1.2蓄热式氧化器工艺流程简图Simplified Process Flow Diagram of RTO....91
2.6.l.3废气流化床吸附工程示意图Fluidized Bed Adsorption of Waste 91
2.6.1.4废气催化氧化处理工艺Waste Gas Catalyzed Oxidation Process 92
2.6.1.5袋式除尘器Bag Dust collector 92
2.6.1.6湿式除尘器Wet Collect0r…………93
2.6.1.7氮法脱硫工艺Process Flow Diagram Of De-SO:With Ammonia…94
2.6.1.8氨法选择性催化氧化还原工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram of SCR with Amm0nia………94
2.6.1.9尿素选择性非催化氧化还原工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram of SNCR with Urea…………………95
2.6.2多救蒸发系统Multi-effect Evaporation System……95
2.6.3重点污染防治区防渗结构图示Special Important Pollution Prevention and Control Area Penetration Prevention Structure Diagram 96
2.6.4噪声控制措施Noise C0ntrol Facility……96
3消防、安全和职业卫生Fire Fighting,Safety and Occupational Health 97
3.1消防系统流程图Flow Diagram of Fire Fighting System……97
3.l.1水喷淋典型流程图Typical Flow Diagram of Water Sprinkler System…97
3.l.2泡沫消防典型流程图Typical Flow Diagram of Foam Extinguishing System…97
3.1.3气体灭火系统典型流程图Typical Flow Diagram of Gas Extinguishing System 98
3.l.4千粉灭火系统典型流程图Typical Flow Diagram of Dry Chemical Extinguishing System..............98
3.2消防设备Fire Fighting Equipment 99
3.2.1消防车Fire Truck……………99
3.2.1.1泡沫清防车Foam Fire Truck…99
3.2.l.2千粉消防车Dry Powder Fire Truck 99
3.2.1.3水罐消防车Water Fire Truck 100
3.2.l.4直臂云梯车Straight Arm and Scaling Ladder Truck 100
3.2.2消防泵Fire Pump………101
3.2.3泡沫灭火设备Foam Extinguishing Equipment 102
3.2.3.1泡沫液储罐Foam Storage Tank 102
3.2.3.2混合器及比例混合系统Proportioners and Proportioning Systems…103
3.2.3.3泡沫炮F0amM0nit0r……104
3.2.3.4拖车式泡沫比例混合装置Proportioning Foam Trailer……105
3.2.3.5泡沫产生器Foam Generator/Maker 105
3.2.3.6泡沫喷头Foam Nozzle 106
3.2.3.7泡沫枪Foam Nozzle 106
3.2.4消火栓Fire Hydrant…107
3.2.5消防水泵接合器Fire Pump C0 nnection 108
3.2.6清防水炮Fire Water M0nit0r………108
3.2.7电控消防水炮Electric M0nit0r……………109
3.2.8消防接口和闷盖Fire Quick Coupling and Cap 109
3.2.8.1管牙接口Quick Coupling 109
3.2.8.2肘接口Elbow Coupling 109
3.2.8.3进水口闷盖Water Inlet Cap 110
3.2.8.4出水口闷盖Water Outlet Cap 110
3.2.9灭火器Fire Extinguisher 110
3.2.9.1推车式干粉灭火器Wheel Dry Powder Extinguisher 110
3.2.9.2手提式千粉灭火器Portable Dry Powder Extinguisher 111
3.2.9.3手提式二氧化碳灭火器Portable Carbon Dioxide Extinguisher 111
3.2.9.4手提式泡沫灭火器Portable Foam Extinguisher…111
3.2.10消防水带Fire H03en4……111
3.2.11灭火剂Fire Extinguishing Agent 112
3.2.11.1清水Water…44112
3.2.1l.2泡沬液Foam Concentrate(or Concentrate)112
3.2.11.3千粉Dry Powder 112
3.2.11.4卤代烷Halogenated Agent“112
3.2.11.5二氧化碳Carbon Dioxide(COe)112
3.2.11.6氮气Nitrogen(N:)112
3.3安全设备Safety Equipment 112
3.3.1呼吸器Breathing Apparatus 112
3.3.2防护服Chemical Suit………112
3.3.3其他安全设备Other Safety Equipment 113
3.3.3.1防护手套Gloves…113
3.3.3.2口罩Gauze Mask 113
3.3.3.3面罩Mask 113
3.3.3.4安全帽及防护屏Safety Helmet and Face Shield 113
3.3.3.5耳罩及耳塞Earmuffs and Earplugs 113
3.3.3.6安全带和安全绳Safety Belt and Safety Ropes 113
3.3.3.7防护眼镜Protection Spectacles…………114
3.3.3.8防护鞋Pr0tecti0nSh0se……114
3.3.3.9急救箱First Aid Box 114
3.3.3.10灭火毯Fire Blanket 114
3.3.3.11事故淋浴洗眼器Safety Shower and Eye Washer 114
3.3.3.l2便携式事故淋浴洗眼器Portable Emergency Eye Washer 115
4成套设备Package Equipment 116
4.1空分设备Air Separation Unit…………116
4.1.1冷箱C0ldB0X…………116
4.1l,2变压吸附制氮装置/真空变压吸附制氧装置PSA Nitrogen Generation
Unit/VPSA Oxygen Generation Unit.................117
4,l.3膜分离制氮装置Membrane Module Nitrogen Generation Unit 117
4.2制冷机Refrigerator…118
4.2.1制冷装置Refrigeration Unit………118
4.2,2辅助设备Auxiliary Equipments 118
4.3低温冷箱Cryogenic Cold Box 120
4.3.1CO分离CO Separation 120
4.3.2液氮洗Nitrogen Wash 121
4.4冷却塔C0 oling Towers…121
4.4,1自然通风冷却塔Natural Draft Cooling Tower 121
4.4.2横流冷却塔Crossflow Cooling Tower…122
4.4.3逆流冷却塔Counterflow Cooling Tower…122
4.5过滤器Filter…123
4.5.1压力过滤器Pressure Filter 123
4.5.2重力无阀过滤器Gravity Valveless Filter 123
4.6双室浮动阳（阴）离子交换器Double Chamber Floating Cation(Anion)Exchanger 124
4.7逆流再生阳（阴）离子交换器Countercurrent Regeneration Cation(Anion)Exchanger…125
4.8顺流再生阳（阴）离子交换器Concurrent Regeneration Cation(Anion】Exchanger 125
4.9混合离子交换器号Mixed lon Exchanger 126
4.10反渗透膜元件Reverse Osmosis Membrane 126
4.11脱气塔Degassing Tower…………127
4.12微孔曝气器Fine Bubble Diffusion Aerator 127
4.13转刷曝气机Brush Aerator…128
4.14表面曝气机Surface Aerator……128
4.15火炬Flare Stacks…129
4.15.1火炬系统Flare System…129
4.15.2火炬头Flare Tip 131
4.15.3地面火矩Multi-point Ground Flare 132
4.16输送机和提升机Conveyor and Elevator……133
4.16.】带式输送机Belt(Band)C0nvey0r 133
4.16.1.1带式输送机示意图Belt Conveyor Sketch 133
4.16.l.2带式输送机系统Belt Conveyor Systems 133
4.16.1.3带式输送机部件Belt(Band)Conveyor Components 135
4.16.1.4拼装式皮带输送机和移动式皮带输送机Pre-built Sectional Belt Conveyor and Mobile Belt Conveyor.................138
4.16.l.5裙状挡板大倾角带式输送机Skirt Side Plate Inclined Belt Conveyor 139
4.16.1.6双带提升机Twin Riser 140
4.16.1.7中心距超过180m的单轮传动带式输送机用的张紧装置Take-up Unit for Single Drum Drive Belt Conveyor Exceeding 180 MetersCentres…………140
4.16.l.8双轮传动带式输送机的张繁装置Take-up Unit for Dual Drum Dive Belt Conveyor 141
4.16.2垂直提升（输送）机Vertical Elevator(Conveyor)…141
4.16.2.1斗式提升机Bucket Elevator 141
4.l6.2.2垂直提升机和箱类提升机Vertical Rising Conveyor and Case Elevator…142
4.16.3埋刮板式输送机En Masse C0nvey0r………………143
4.16.4螺旋输送机Screw Conveyor 143
4.16.5棍子输送机Roller Conveyor 144
4.16.6吊挂式链输送机和振动输送机Chain Trolley Conveyor and Vibrating Conveyor 145
4.l6.6.1吊挂式链输送机Chain Trolley Conveyor 145
4.l6.6.2吊挂式链输送机部件Unit of Chain Trolley Conveyor 145
4.16.6.3振动输送机Vibrating Conveyor 147
4.16.7气力输送机系统Pneumatic Conveying System 147
4.16.7.1正压气力输送系统Pressure Pneumatic Conveying System…147
4.16.7.2负压气力输送系统Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying System…l47
4.16.7.3正负压相结合的系统Pressure with Vacuum Pneumatic Conveying System....148
4.l6.7.4封闭环形气力输送系统Closed Pneumatic Conveying System…148
4.l6.7.5密相气力输送系统Dense Phase Pneumatic Conveying System…148
4.l6.7.6稀相气力输送系统Dilute Phase Pneumatic Conveying System…149
4.l7破碎和筛分设备Crushing and Screening Equipment…149
4.17.1颚式冲击破碎机mpact Jaw Crusher149
4.17.2频式破碎机Jaw Crusher…………………………150
4.17.3回转球形破碎机Gyrasphere Crusher……151
4.17.4盘式回转破碎机Tray Type Gyratory Crusher152
4.l7.5液压锥形破碎机和冲击破碎机（叶片破碎机）Hydraulic Cone Crusher and Impact Crusher (Impeller Breaker)154
4.17.6辊子粉碎机Roller Mill………155
4.17.7双轴锤式破碎机Double Shaft Hammer Mill156
4.17.8磨机Mill157
4.17.8.1球磨机Ball Mill 158
4.17.8.2中速磨Medium Speed Mill 158
4.17.8.3风扇磨Fan Mill……158
4.17.9千燥粉磨机Dryer-Pulveriser 159
4.17.10返混设备布置Layout of Back Mixing Equipment 160
4.17.11振动筛Vibrating Screen 161
4.17.11.1往复式振动筛Reciprocating Vibrating Screen……161
4.17,1l.2圆振筛Round Separate0r………162
4.17.12分级机Classifiers 163
4.18料仓、料斗与阀门Storage Bin,Hopper and Valve 164
4.18.1简仓Sil0…164
4.18.2重力式掺混仓Gravity Blending Silo 164
4.18.3料斗与溜糟Hopper and Chute 165
4.18.4气动粉体插板阀Pneumatic Slide Valve…165
4.18.5手动粉体插板阀Manual Slide Valve…166
4.18.6粉体重力换向阀Gravity Flow Diverter 166
4.18.7气动翻板换向阀Pneumatic Flap Diverter 167
4.18.8气动转子换向阀Pneumatic Rotary Diverter 168
4.l8.9粉体旋转给料阀Rotary(Feeder)Valve 168
4.19给料、称重、包装及码垛设备Feeding,Weighing,Bagging and Palletizing Machine 169
4.l9.1振动给料机Vibrating Feeder 169
4.l9.2电振动给料机Electric Vibrating Feeder 170
4.19.3板式给料机Apron Feeder 170
4.19.4(粉末)均匀自动给料机Smooth Aute0-Feeder…171
4.19.5带式计量秤Dosing Belt Weigher 172
4.l9.6定量给料秤Constant Feed Weigher 173
4.19.7失重式给料机Loss-in-Weight Feeder 173
4.19.8自动装袋系统Auto Bagging System173
4.19.9自动码操系统Automatic Palletizing System 174
4.19.10托盘式缠绕机Pallet Stretch Wrapping Machine 175
4.19.11热缩膜垛盘打包机Shrink Packing System………175
4.20仓储设备Storage Equipment 176
4.20.1堆取料机Stacker and Reclaimer…………176
4.20.1.1斗轮堆取料机Bucket Wheel Stacker and Reclaimer 176
4.20.1.2圆形堆场堆取料机Stacker and Reclaimer for Circular Store…176
4.20.1,3侧式悬臂准料机Stacker for Longitudinal Store…177
4.20.1.4门式取料机Portal Reclaimer…177
4.20.2火车装车机Train Carriage Loader 178
4.21 LNG成套设备LNG Package Equipment 178
4.21.1装卸臂Loading(Unloading)Arm 178
4.21.2装车撬Truck Loading Skid 179
4.21.3装车臂Truck L0ading Arm 179
4.21.4浸没燃烧式气化器Submerged Combustion Vaporizer 180
4.22造粒机Granulator ..……………180
4.22.1钢带造粒机Steel Belt Granulator 180
4.22.2转简造粒机Rotating Drum Granulator 181
5蒸汽动力系统Steam and Power System 182
5.1锅炉Boiler 182
5.1.1燃煤锅炉Coal Fired Boiler 182
5.l,l.1火管锅炉及水管锅炉的基本形式Basic Patterns for Fire and Water Tube Boiler…182
5.1.l.2椭圆管板换热器Ellipsoidal Shell and Tube Heat Exchanger 183
5.l.l.3水冷管夹套换热器Cooling Tubes and Jacket Heat Exchanger 184
5.l.l.4蒸汽净化及锅筒内件Steam Purification and Drum Internals 185
5.1.1.5过热器Superheater…190
5.1.l.6减温器Attemperator 191
5.1,l.7空气预热器Air Preheater 192
5.1.1.8炉排Grates……193
5.1.1.9下饲炉排Underfeed Stoker 194
5.1.1.10省煤器Economizer 195
5.1.1.11喷燃器，燃烧器Burners 196
5.1.1.12抛煤机Spreader Feeders 198
5.1.1.13磨煤机Pulverizers…199
5.l.2燃油（气）锅炉Oil-Fired Boiler and Gas-Fired Boiler…200
5.l.2.1燃油（气）锅炉的结构Configure of Oil-Fired Boiler and Gas-Fired…200
5.l,2.2燃油蒸汽锅炉系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Oil--Fired Steam Boiler System....200
5.l.2.3燃气蒸汽锅炉系统工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Gas-Fired Steam Boiler System…201
5.l.3循环流化床锅炉Circulation Fluidized Bed Boiler 202
5.1.4特种锅炉Special Boiler 202
5.l.5热回收设备Heat Recovery Equipment 203
5.l.5.1废液焚烧炉Waste Liquid Incinerator 203
5.l.5.2余热锅炉Waste Heat Boiler………204
5.1.5.3垃圾焚烧炉Garbage Incinerator 205
5.1,5.4拉圾焚烧发电厂工艺流程图Process Flow Diagram for Garbage Incineration Power Plant……206
5.2汽轮机Steam Turbine…207
5.2.1汽轮机循环Steam Turbine Cycles……207
5.2.2冲动式汽轮机mpulse Turbine“208
5.2.3单级汽轮机Single Stage Steam Turbine…209
5.2.4汽轮机轴封Turbine Glands and Gland Sealings210
5.2.5超速脱扣装置（保安器）Overspeed Tripping Device…211
5.2.6汽轮机的润滑Lubrication of Steam Turbine…212
5.2.7汽轮机供汽方式Methods of Steam Supply to a Turbine 213
5.2.8汽轮机调速器Turbine G0vern0r…214
5.2.9汽轮机调速器及调速Governors and Governing of Steam Turbine 216
5.2.10汽轮机的安装Installation of Steam Turbine 218
5.3燃气轮机Gas Turbine………………219
5,3.1燃气轮机结构Constitution of Gas Turbine…219
5.3.2燃气轮机发电机组Gas Turbine Power Plant…219
5.3.3燃气轮机简单循环发电厂Gas Turbine Simple Cycle Power Plant…220
5.3.4燃气轮机-蒸汽轮机联合循环发电厂Gas Turbine-Steam Turbine Combined Cycle Power Plant..............................221
6设备Equipment……222
6.1设备设计常用术语Terms and Definitions………222
6.l.l一般术语General Terms 222
6.1.2设备类型术语Types of Equipment…222
6.1.3压力容器分类术语Classification for Categories of Pressure Vessels .....222
6.2塔223
6.2.1板式塔Plate C0lumn……223
6.2.1.1液流型式Liquid-Flow Patterns…2256.2.1.2塔盘型式Types of Trays 226
6.2.1.3塔盘的支承Supports of Tray 233
6.2.1.4塔底结构及重（再）沸器Bottom Structures and Reboiler 234
6.2.1.5进料和抽出Feed and Draw-off………235
6.2.2填料塔Packed Column 237
6.2.2.1填料型式Types of Packing 239
6.2.2.2液体分布器和再分布器Liquid Distributors and Redistributors……241
6.2.2.3填料压板和支承板Packing Hold-Down Plates and Support Plates…243
6.2.3楼梯（梯子）和平台Stair and Platform……244
6.2.4塔附件T0 wer Attachments…245
6.2.5塔结构示例Column Examples……249
6.2.5.1 CO2吸收塔CO2 Absorber…249
6.2.5.2再生塔/CO,汽提塔Regenerator/CO2 Stripper…250
6.3反应设备React0r 251
6.3.1氨合成塔Amm0niaC0nverter………………251
6.3.2尿素合成塔Urea Reacteor…253
6.3.3环管反应器Loop Reactor 255
6.3.4氧氯化反应器Oxychlorination Reactor............................256
6.3.5聚合签Polymerizer……257
6.3.6隔膜电解槽Diaphragm Cells 258
6.3.7变换炉Shift Converter 259
6.4造粒设备Prilling Equipment 260
6.4.1(造粒塔)总图及造粒喷头组装图General Assembly and Prill-Spray Assembly…260
6.4.2造粒塔扒料机Prill Tower Reclaimer…261
6.5换热设备Heat Exchanger 263
6.5.1换热器的类型Types of Heat Exchangers 263
6.5.2管壳式换热器Tubular Heat Exchanger 266
6.5.3套管式换热器和刮面式换热器Double-Pipe Heat Exchanger and Scraped-Surface Exchanger...........277
6.5.4套管式纵向翅片换热器Double Pipe Longitudinal Finned Exchanger 278
6.5.5板式换热器Plate Exchangers 279
6.5.6蒸汽表面冷凝器，凝汽器Steam Surface Condensers 280
6.5.7蒸发器Evap0rat0rs 281
6.5.8空冷器、空气冷却器Air-Cooled Heat Exchangers 282
6.6储罐Storage Tanks…288
6.6.1储罐类型Types of Storage Tanks 288
6.6.2固定顶储罐Fixd-R00 f Tanks………………289
6.6.2.1储罐零部件名称Nomenclature of Tank Parts………289
6.6.2.2罐顶结构Roof Structure 292
6.6.3内浮顶罐Internal Floating Roof Tank…295
6.6.4外浮顶罐External Floating Roof Tank 296
6.6.4.1外浮顶罐零部件名称Nomenclature of External Floating Roof Tank 296
6.6.4.2外浮顶型式External Floating Roof Types…298
6.6.4.3外浮顶罐的密封型式Seal Types of External Floating Roof Tank 300
6.6.5球形储罐及其他低压大型储罐Spherical Tanks and Other Large Low-Pressure Storage Tanks...301
6.6.6低温储罐Refrigerated Storage Tanks…302
6.7衬里设备Lining Equipment……………303
6.7.1橡胶衬里设备Rubber Lining Equipment 303
6.7.2塘玻璃设备Glass-Lined Equipment……304
6.7.3衬砖设备Brick Lining Equipment 306
6.8非金属设备Non-metal Equipment……………………307
6.8.1石墨设备Graphite Equipment……307
6.8.l.1石墨设备的类型Type of Graphite Equipment………307
6.8.l.2石墨设备零件名称Components Nomenclature of Graphite Equipment 308
6.8.2玻璃钢设备FRP(Fibre Reinforce Plastics)Equipment…309
6.8.2.1玻璃钢设备的类型Type of FRP Equipment……309
6.8.2.2玻璃钢管连接型式Type of FRP Pipe Joint:309
6.9混合设备Mixing Equipment 310
6.9.1搅拌器型式Types of Agitator 310
6.9.2混合（搅拌）槽Mixing Tanks……312
6,9.3管道混合器Line Mixers(Flow Mixers)……………313
6.9.4静止混合器Static Mixers…314
6.9.5双螺杆连续混合机Double Screw Continuous Mixer…315
6.9.6膏状物料及黏性物料混（拌）合设备Paste and Viscous-Material Mixing Equipments...................316
6.9.7固体混合机械Solids Mixing Machines 318
6.10萃取器Extract0rs………………………………319
6.l0.l浸提设备Leaching Equipments 319
6.10.2连续萃取设备，连续抽提设备Continuous Contact(Differential Contact) Equipments………320
6.11旋风分离器、澄清器、过滤器和离心机Cyclone,Decanter,Filter and centrifuger 322
6,11.1旋风分离器Cyclone Separate0rs……:322
6.11.2沉降罐、澄清器Gravity Settlers(Decanters)……325
6.11.3气体洗涤器Gas Scrubbers…………326
6.11.4过滤机Filters……328
6.11.4.1压滤机Pressure Filters 328
6.11.4.2叶滤机Pressure Leaf Filters 329
6.11.4.3袋式过滤器Bag Filers……330
6.11.4.4转鼓真空过滤机Rotary-Drum Vacuum Filter 331
6.11.5离心式分离机Centrifugal Separator 332
6.11.5.1离心机Centrifuges…332
6.11.5.2双鼓真空离心过滤机Double-Bowl Vacuum Centrifuge…334
6.ll.5.3静止叶片型离心式分离器Stationary Vane Type CentrifugalSeparators 335
6.12干燥器Dryers 336
6.12.1直接千燥器Direct Dryers 336
6.12.2间接干燥器Indirect Dryers…338
6.12.3绩雾千燥器Spray Dryers4…339
6.12.3.l喷雾千操装置Spray Dryer Installation 339
6.12.3.2雾化喷头、喷雾嘴、雾化器Spray Nozzles(Atomizers)………340
6.12.4气流（气动）输送千燥器Pneumatic Conveyor Dryers…341
6.13其他静设备及部件Other Equipments and Components……342
6.13.1石油炼制中的流化过程Fluidization Processes in Petroleum Refinery.......342
6.13.1.1流态化Fluidization 343
6.13.1.2流化床分布器Distributors for Fluidized Bed 344
6.13.2壳体和封头Shells and Heads………345
6.13.3破沫器Demister 348
6.13.3.1破沫器及其应用Demister and Its Applications 348
6.13.3.2破沫网的安装和纤维除雾气Installation of Mesh and Fibe Mist Eliminator 349
6.13.4设备支座Supports of Equipments……350
6.13.5密封型式Types of Seal 352
6.13.6非圆形截面容器Vessels of Noncircular Cross Section 353
6.13.7其他容器及零部件名称Nomenclature of Other Vessels and Components.......355
6.14耐火村里结构Refractory Lining Constructions:358
6.14.1陶瓷纤维衬里结构Ceramic Fiber Lining Construction 358
6.14.1.1陶瓷纤维毯结构Ceramic Fiber Blanket Layered Construction…358
6.14.1.2陶瓷纤维模块结构Ceramic Fiber Modular Construction 359
6.14.2砖炉衬结构Fire Brick Lining Construction 360
6.14.3浇注料炉衬结构Castable Lining Construction 362
6.15炉用零部件Furnace Components:362
6.15.1炉管、管件及联箱（集合管）Tubes,Fitting and Header(Mnif0ld）362
6.15.2燃烧器（烧嘴）和附属设备Burners and Accesseries…364
6.15.3管板及管架Tube Sheet and Tube Supports 365
6.15.4其他炉用附件Furnace Access0ries…………366
6.16炉型及结构Types and Structure of Furnace 368
6.16.1管式加热炉Tubular Heater 368
6.16.2典型加热炉结构Typical Structure of Heater 370
6.16.3转化炉Reformers 371
6.16.3.1一段转化炉/转化炉Primary Reformer…371
6.16.3.2二段转化炉Secondary Reformer 373
6.16.3.3换热式转化炉Reforming Exchanger 374
6.16.4裂解炉Cracking Furnace……375
6.16.5气化炉Gasifier…376
6.16.5.1粉煤加压气化炉Pulverized-coal Pressurized Gasifier…376
6.16.5.2水煤浆气化炉Coa-water Slurry Gasifier…377
6.16.5.3加压固定床煤气化炉Pressurized Fixed-bed Coal Gasifier…378
6.16.5.4流化床煤气化炉Fluidized-bed Coal Gasifier…37g
6.16.6余热回收和废热锅炉Waste Heat Recovery and Waste Heat Boiler…380
6.16.6.1余热回收Waste Heat Recovery…380
6.16.6.2 CO燃烧废热锅炉CO Firing Waste Heat Boiler…381
6.16,6.3第一废热锅炉Primary Waste Heat Boiler 382
6.16.6.4第二废热锅炉Secondary Waste Heat Boiler…383
6.16.7热载体加热炉Heat Carrier Heater……384
6.16.7.1热载体加热炉系统Heat Carrier Heater System…384
6.16.7.2水（油）浴炉Water(Ol)Bath Heater 384
6.16.7.3热载体加热炉Heat Carrier Heater 385
7转动机器Rotary Machine 386
7.1泵Pump 386
7.l.1各种形式的泵Various Types of Pumps 386
7.l.2离心泵Centrifugal Pump 391
7.l.3轴流泵Axial Flow Pump 395
7.1.4管道泵Inline Pump 396
7.1.5混流泵Mixed Flow Pump… 397
7.l.6斜流泵Diagonal Flow Pump 398
7.l.7螺杆泵Screw Pump 399
7.l.7.1单螺杆泵Progressive Cavity Pump 399
7.l.7.2双螺杆泵Twin Screw Pump 400
7.l.7.3三螺杆泵Three-Spindle Screw Pump 400
7.l,8计量泵Metering Pump 401
7.1.9真空泵Vacuum Pump…402
7,1.9.1水环真空泵Liquid Ring Vacuum Pump…………402
7.l.9.2旋片式真空泵Vane Vacuum Pump…402
7.1.9.3往复式真空泵Piston Vacuum Pump 404
7.1.10气动隔膜泵Air Operated Pump…405
7.1.11往复泵Reciprocating Pump…406
7.1.11,1活塞式往复泵Reciprocating Piston Pump 406
7.1.11,2双作用蒸汽往复泵Duplex Acting Steam-Driven Reciprocating Pump......406
7.1.11.3双作用活塞式往复泵（皮碗式）Double Action Reciprocating Pump(Bucket Type）……………407
7.1,12喷射泵Jet Pùmps……409
7.1.13喷射装置Ejector Units 410
7.1,14皮托管泵Pit0t Tube Pump……………412
7.2压缩机、鼓风机和风机Compressors,Blowers and Fans…412
7.2.1螺杆压缩机Screw C0mpresse0r……412
7.2.1.1无油螺杆压缩机Dry Screw Compressor……412
7.2.l.2喷油螺杆压缩机Oil-injected Screw Compressor 413
7.2.2往复式压缩机Reciprocating Compressor 414
7.2.2.1活塞式压缩机Pist0nC0 mpress0r*………416
7.2.2.2迷宫式压缩机Labyrinth Compressor 417
7.2.2.3隔膜式压缩机Diaphragm Compressor…418
7.2.3低密度聚乙烯（超）高压压缩机High Pressure Compressor for Low Density Polythylene Process........419
7.2.3.1高压气缸和中心型组合阀High-Pressure Cylinder and Central Valve 421
7.2.3.2卸荷间及其他阀Unloading Valve and Other Valves 422
7.2.4离心压缩机Centrifugal C0mpress0r 424
7.2.4.1高速压缩机High Speed Compressor 424
7.2.4.2水平剖分式离心压缩机Horizontally Split Centrifugal 425
7.2.4.3径向剖分式离心压缩机Radially Split Centrifugal Compressor 426
7.2.4.4整体齿轮式压缩机Integrally Geared Centrifugal Compressor…427
7.2.4.5轴流压缩机Axial-flow Compressor…428
7.2.5鼓风机Bl0wers…428
7.2.6风机Fans…430
7.2.7典型的空气压缩机装置Typical Air Compressor Unit 432
7.3搅拌器Mixer 433
7.4驱动机Driver 434
7.4.1蒸汽轮机Steam Turbine 434
7.4.2蒸汽轮机的分类与结构Classification and Structure of Steam Turbines 435
7.4.3液力透平Hydraulic Turbine........................438
7.4.4燃气轮机Gas Turbine 438
7.4.5烟气轮机Flue Gas Turbine………439
7.4.6膨胀机/再压缩机Expander/Compressor…439
7.4.7柴油机Diesel Engine……440
7.5转动设备辅机Rotating Equipment Auxiliaries…………441
7.5.1液力耦合器Fluid Coupling 441
7.5.2齿轮箱Gar……………………441
7.5.3透平冷凝系统Turbine Condensing System…442
8管道工程Piping Engineering…443
8.1设备及管道布置Equipment and Piping Layout“ 443
8.1,1设备布置Equipment Laye0ut 443
8.l.2管道布置图，配管图Piping Layout Drawing……444
8.l.2.1管道平面布置Piping Plan Layout 444
8.1.2.2立面图Secti0n Drawing……445
8.l.2.3管道布置一装置配管Piping Layout一Installation Piping…446
8.l.3管道组装图（轴测图，管段图）Erection Diagram(Pipe Line Is0metric Diagram）………447
8.l.4伴热及夹套Tracing Lines and Jacket 448
8.l.4.1蒸汽伴热管Steam Tracing Lines 448
8.l.4.2热水伴热管Hot Water Tracing Lines…449
8.l.4.3夹套管Jacket Lines 449
8.l.4.4电伴热Electric Heat Tracing 450
8.l.5急救冲洗和洗眼站Safety Shower and Eyewash Station 451
8.2管道材料Piping Material 452
8.2.1管子，弯管Pipe,Pipe Bends 452
8.2.2管件Pipe Fitting……453
8.2.2.1钢焊接管件Steel-Welding Fittings 453
8.2.2.2螺纹管件Threaded Fittings 454
8.2.2.3支管台与承插管件Outlet and Socket Welding Fittings 455
8.2.2.4法兰管件Flanged Fittings………… 456
8.2.2.5塑料压接管接头Plastics Compression Joints…457
8.2.3法兰、法兰密封面Flanges,Flange Facings 458
8.2.4管螺纹Pipe Threaded 459
8.2.5垫片Gasket……460
8.2.6管道用紧固件Piping Fastener 461
8.2.7阀门Valve……461
8.2.7.1阀杆与阀盖结构Valve Stem and Bonnet Structure 461
8.2.7.2阀门Valves 463
8.2.7,3闸阀Gate Valve 471
8.2.7.4波纹管密封闸阀Bellows Sealed Gate Valve 473
8.2.7.5截止阀Globe Valve 474
8.2.7.6止回阀Check Valve 475
8.2.7.7球阀Ball Valve 476
8.2.7.8旋塞阀Plug Valve 477
8.2.7.9蝶阀Butterfly Valve 478
8.2.7.10弹簧安全泄压阀Spring Safety-Relief Valve 480
8.2.7.11液面控制浮球阀Pilot Operated Ball Float Valve… 481
8.2.7.12阀门操纵机构Valve Operating Mechanisms“ 482
8.2.7.13蒸汽疏水阀（器）和空气疏水阀（器）Steam Traps and Air 484
8.2.7.14热影张阀Thermo Expansion Valve 486
8.2.8管道特殊件Pipe Specialty……487
8.2.8.1过滤器，阻火器Strainer,Flame Arrester 487
8.2.8.2分离器，消声器，取样冷却器Separator,Silencer,Sample 488
8.2.8.3视镜Sight Glass……489
8.2.9管道特殊元件Pipe Special Element 490
8.2.10填料Packings 491
8.2.11管子端部连接End Connection in Tubing and Pipe 492
8.3管道机械Piping Mechanics 493
8.3.1金属软管Metal Flexible Hose……493
8.3.2金属补偿器（膨胀节）Metal Expansion Joint 493
8.3.2.1填函式伸缩节Packed Slip Expansion Joint 493
8.3.2.2波纹补偿器（膨胀节）Bellows Expansion Joint 494
8.3.3管道支吊架Pipe Hangers and Pipe Supports 495
8.3.3.1管道支架Pipe Supports……495
8.3.3.2管道吊架Pipe Hangers……496
8.3.3.3弹簧架Spring Supports 497
8.3.3.4管架零部件Attachments of Piping Supports 497
8.4地下管道Underground Piping 498
8.4.l地下管平面布置图Underground Piping Arrangement Drawing 498
8.4.l.1地下管道图例Underground Piping Legend…498
8.4.l,2地下管道管线代号Underground Pipe Line Code 499
8.4.2地下管常见附属设施及构筑物Common Facility and Structure of U/GPiping…499
8.5绝热Insulatic0n…:500
8.5.1管道绝热Piping Insulatic0n………………500
8.5.2立式容器的外部隔热External Thermal Insulation for Vertical
8.6工程图常用缩写词（按字母顺序排列）Abbreviations for Use on Drawing (in Alphabetical Order）……………503
8.7防腐Antic0r0Si0n 518
8.7.1内防护Internal Anticorrosive Coating……518
8.7.2三层聚乙烯涂层Three Layer Polyethylene Coating 519
8.7.3表面处理Surface Preparation Vocabulary 520
8.7.4涂料Paint……520
8.7.5腐蚀C0rr0si0n……521
8.7.6其他常用词汇Other:5…………521
8.8管道应力分析Piping Stress Analysis 522
8.8.1应变Strain 522
8.8.2应力Stress…523
8.8.3管道应力Piping Stress due to Forces and Moments ..........................524
8.8.4管道应力分析Piping Stress Analysis…525
8.8.5管道应力分析输入条件Input of Piping Stress Analysis·526
8.8.6管道柔性Piping Flexibility 527
8.8.7管道动态效应Dynamic Effects on Piping 527
8.8.8疲劳曲线Fatigue Curves 528
8.9三维模型3D M0dl…………528
8.9.1三维管道设计软件专用词汇Vocabulary for 3 D Piping Design S0ftware……528
8.9.1.1 Smart Plant3D管道模型分层管理词汇Hierarchical Management Vocabulary for Smart Plant 3D Piping Model…………528
8.9.1.2PDMS模型分层管理词汇Hierarchical Management Vocabulary for PDMS Model 529
8.9.1.3 PDMS数据库类型词汇Database Type Vocabulary for PDMS…529
8.9.1.4 PDS模块Module for PDMS…530
8.9.1.5建立设备模板Create Equipment Template…530
8.9.1.6建立基本体Create Primitives 531
8.9.2 Smart Plant Review软件专用词汇Specific Vocabulary for Smart Plant Review 531
8.9.2.1按钮Butt0 531
8.9.2.2菜单Menu 533
9工业自a动化仪表Process Measurement and Control Instrument… 537
9.1温度计Thermometer 537
9.1.1测温元件Thermometer Element……537
9.l,2温度变送器Temperature Transmitter…539
9.1.3辐射高温计Radiation Pyrometer……540
9.1.4双金属温度计Bimetal Thermometer 541
9.l.5光学高温计Radiation Pyrometer…542
9.2压力测量仪表Pressure Instruments……………543
9.2.1电接点压力表和压力开关Pressure Gauge with Electric Contact and Pressure Switch……………543
9.2.2压力表Pressure Gauge……544
9.2.3压力变送器Pressure Transmitter………546
9.2.4基地式压力指示调节器Field Installed Type of Pressure Indicating and C0ntr0ller…………547
9.2.5压力表的安装Installation of Pressure Gage…548
9.3流量仪表F0w Meter………549
9.3.1科氏力质量流量计Coriolis Mass Flow Meters……549
9.3.2一次流量元件Primary Flow Element 550
9.3.3流量测量用差压变送器Difference Pressure Transmitter for Flow Measurement 552
9.3.4流速式流量计Fluid Velocity Meter.................................553
9.3.4.1旋涡流量计Vortex Flow Meter 553
9.3.4.2涡轮流量计Turbine Meter 554
9.3.5容积式流量计Positive Displacement Type Flow Meters…555
9.3.6可变面积式流量计Variable Area Type Flow Meters 557
9.3.7电磁流量计Electro-magnetic Flow Meters 558
9.3.7.1电磁流量计及测量原理Electro-magnetic Flow Meters and Principle 0f Measurement…558
9.3.7.2电磁流量计电极Electro-magnetic Flow Meters Electrode…559
9.3.7.3电磁流量计变送器Electro-magnetic Flow Meters Transmitter 559
9.3.8热式质量流量计Thermal Mass Flow Meters…560
9.3.9差压流量计的安装Installation of Head Meters…561
9.4液位测量仪表Level Meter…………563
9.4.1直读式就地液位指示仅Locally Mounted Direct Reading Level Gages…563
9.4.2液位测量用差压变送器Difference Pressure Transmitter for Liquid Level Measurement 564
9.4.3浮简式液位计Displacement Type Level Meter 565
9.4.4伽马射线液位计Gamma Radiometric Level Meter 566
9.4.5雷达液位计Radar Level Meter……567
9.4.6伺假液位计Servo Level Gauge……569
9.4.7液位调节器及液位开关Level Controllers and Switches 570
9.4.8气动液位调节器Pneumatic Liquid Level Controller…571
9.5过程分析仪表Process Analyzer 572
9.5.1过程气相色谱仪Process Gas Chromatograph…572
9.5.2非色散红外线气体分析仪Non-dispersive Infra-red Gas Analyzer 573
9.5.3氧分析器Oxygen Analyzer…573
9.5.3.1氧化错分析仪Zirconium Oxide Oxygen Analyzer…573
9.5.3.2顺磁式氧分析仪Paramagnetic Oxygen Analyzer…574
9.5.3.3电化学式氧分析仪Electrochemical Oxygen Analyzer…574
9.5.3.4溶解氧分析仪Dissolved Oxygen Analyzer…574
9.5.4热导式分析仪Thermal Conductivity Analyzer………575
9.5.5 pH分析仪pH Analyzer 575
9.5.6电导仪Conductivity Analyzer…575
9.6控制阀C0ntrol Valve……………………576
9.6.1气动执行机构Pneumatic Actuator 577
9.6.2电动执行机构Electric Actuator…………577
9.6.3控制阀型式Control Valve Type 578
9.6.3.1直通单座控制阀Single-Ported Globe Control Valve…578
9.6.3.2直通双座控制阀Double-Ported Globe Control Valve……578
9.6.3.3角形控制阀Angle Control Valve…579
9.6.3.4三通控制阀Three-Way Control Valve…579
9.6.3.5控制蝶阀Butterfly Control Valve............579
9.6.3.6偏心旋转控制阀Rotary Control Valve 580
9.6.3.7V形控制球阀V-Ball Control Valve………580
9,6.3.8控制球阀Ball C0 ontrol Valve……580
9.6.4控制阀上阀盖Control Valve Bonnet 581
9.6.4.1波纹管密封型上阀盖Bonnet with Guardian Bellows Seal… 581
9.6.4.2低温型上阀盖Cry0genic Bonnet…581
9.6.5自力式调节阀Self-Operated Regulator 582
9.6.5.1自力式温度调节阀Temperature Regulator……582
9.6.5.2自力式流量调节阀Flow Regulator 582
9.6.5.3自力式差压调节阀Differential Pressure Regulator 583
9.6.5.4自力式压力调节阀Pressure Regulate0r…583
9.6.6控制阀附件Control Valve Accessory…·584
9.6.6.1电/气转换器I/P Converter(E/P Converter) 584
9.6.6.2电/气阀门定位器1/P P0siti0ner……………584
9.6.6.3数字式间门定位器Digital Positioner 585
9.6.6.4现场总线式阀门定位器Fieldbus Positioner 585
9.6.6.5限位开关Limit Switch 586
9.6.6.6电磁阀Solenoid Valve 587
9.6.6.7阀位变送器Position Transmitter……587
9.6.6.8气锁阀Pneumatic L0Ck-up Valve……588
9.6.6.9空气过滤减压器Air Pressure Reducing Station·588
9.6.6.10一体化过滤减压阀Integrated Filter Regulator…589
9.6.6.11气动放大器（增速继动器）Pneumatic Volume Booster(Booster Relay)589
9.6.6.12快速排放阀Quick Exhaust Valve 590
9.6.6.13止回阀Check Valve……590
9.6.7安全泄压阀Safety Relief Valve 591
9.6.7.1弹簧式安全泄压阀Spring Loaded Safety Relief Valve…591
9.6.7.2带导阀的安全泄压阀Pilot Operated Safety Relief Valve……592
9.6.8爆破片Burst Dise…592
9.7盘装仪表Panel Mounting Instrument……………593
9.7.1安全栅Safety Barriers…593
9.7.1.1用于变送器的安全栅Safety Barriers for Transmitter 593
9.7.l.2用于数字（开关）输入的安全栅Safety Barriers for Digital(Switch)593
9.7.1.3用于数字（开关）输出的安全橱Safety Barriers for Digital (Switch)Outputs 594
9.7.2隔离器Is0lat0r………………………594
9.7.2.1用于变送器和控制器的隔离器Isolator for Transmitter and 594
9.7.2.2用于电磁阀/报警驱动器的隔离器Isolator for Solenoid/Alarm 594
9.7.2.3用于开关/趋近检测器的隔离器Isolator for Switeh/ProximityDetector........595
9.8特殊仪表Special Instrument…595
9.8.1速度传感器Speed Sensor 595
9.8.2轴位移交送器Transmitter for Thrust Position 595
9.8.3称重系统Weighing System 596
9.8.3.1负荷传感器Load Cells 596
9.8.3.2称重系统Weighing System 596
9.9火灾自动报警系统Automatic Fire Alarm System 597
9.9.1火灾自动报警系统Automatic Fire Alarm System 597
9.9.2火灾报警控制盘Fire Alarm Control Panel…598
9.9.3激光感烟探测器Laser Smoke Detector…599
9.10工业电视监视系统Industry Television Surveillance System 600
910.1工业电视监视系统Industry TV Surveillance System 600
9.10.2矩阵控制器Matrix Switcher 601
9.11数字控制系统Digital Control System… 602
9.11.1分撒控制系统Distributed Control System 602
9.11.2现场总线控制系统Fieldbus Control System(FCS)603
9.11.3工厂资源管理系统Plant Resource Management System(PMR)604
9.11.4可编程控制器Programmable Logic Controller(PLC)604
9.11.5紧急停车系统Emergency Shutdown System(ESD)605
9.12仪表盘，柜和操作台Instrument Panels,Cabinets and Consoles 606
10电气工程Electrical Engineering 608
10.1旋转电机Electrical Rotating Machine 608
10.1.1直流电动机Direct-Current Motor 608
10.1.2直流发电机Direct-Current Generator 609
10.1.3 AC换向电机AC Commutator Machine 610
10.1.4同步电动机的无刷励磁Brushless Excitation of Synchronous Motor 610
10.1.5交流电动机Alternating-Current Motor…611
10.1.6滑环式感应电动机Slip-Ring Type Induction Motor 612
10.1.7无刷同步电动机Brushless Synchronous Motor 614
10.1.8线槽和绕组Slots and Windings 615
10.1.9柴油发电机组Diesel Generator Set 616
10.1.9.1柴油发电机组侧视图Diesel Generator Set Side View 616
10.1.9.2就地控制屏L0calC0ntrol Panel…616
10.1.9.3柴油机左前视图Diesel Engine Front and Left Side View 617
10.1.9.4柴油机右后视图Diesel Engine Rear and Right Side View…617
10.1.9.5发电机P0wer Generat0r…618
10.2变压器Transformer 619
10.2.1油浸式变压器Oil Immersed Transformer 619
10.2.1.1油浸式变压器正视图Oil Immersed Transformer Front View 619
10.2.1.2油浸式变压器侧视图Oil Immersed Transformer Side View.........620
10.2.l.3油浸式变压器外视图Oil Immersed Transformer Exterior 621
10.2.2油浸式密闭变压器Sealed Oil Immersed Transformer 622
10.2.3树脂绝缘千式变压器Cast Resin Transformer…623
10.2.4箱式变电站Transformer Substation 624
10.3整流器和电池Rectifier and Battery 625
10.3.1整流器Rectifier………625
10.3.2原电池Primary Batteries 626
10.3.3阀控式密封铅酸蓄电池Stationary Lead Acid Valve Regulated Sealed Batteries 629
10.3.4交流不间断电源AC Uninterrupted Power Supply 630
10.3.5直流不问断电源DC Uninterrupted Power Supply 631
10.4高中压开关装置High and Middle Voltage Switchgear 631
10.4.1 110kV六氟化硫气体封闭式组合电器110kVSF Gas-Insulated Switchgear………631
10.4.2 11okV空气绝缘高压组合电器1l0 kV Prefabricated Air Insulated Switchgegp.............632
10.4.3中压六氟化硫气体绝缘开关装置Medium Voltage SF Gas-Insulated Switchgear...632
10.4.4金属封闭式开关装置Meta-Enclosed Switchgear……633
10.4.5中压金属铠装开关装置Middle Voltage Meta-Clad Switchgear… 634
10.4.6环网柜Ring Switchgear 635
lO.4.6.1六氟化硫气体绝缘环网柜SF。Gas Insulated Ring Switchgear 635
10.4.6.2金属封闭环网柜Metal Clad Ring Switchgear 636
10.4.7高压户外六氟化疏断路器High Voltage Outdoor SF,Circuit 636
10.4.8中压六氟化硫断路器Medium Voltage SF。Circuit Breakers…637
10.4.9户内真空断路器Indoor Vacuum Circuit Breaker 638
10.4.10避雷器Lightning Arrester………638
10.4.11真空接触器Vacuum Contactor 639
10.4.12高压熔断器HV Fuses 640
10.4.12.1高压管式熔断器HV Fuse Tubes……640
10.4.12.2高压跌开式溶断器HV Falling Type Fuse…640
10.4.l3补偿电容器成套装置Compensation Capacitors Cabinet…641
10.4.14操动机构Operating Device 641
10.4.14,1直动操动机构Direct Operating Device 641
10.4.14.2转向操动机构Swivel Operating Device 642
10.4.14.3弹簧储能操动机构Spring-Stored Energy Operating Device…642
10.5低压开关装置L0 w Voltage Switchgear…………643
10.5.1低压开关柜L0 w Voltage Switchgear…………643
10.5.2框架式空气断路器Air Circuit Breaker 644
10.5.2.1框架式空气断路器前面板Air Circuit Breaker Front Face 644
10.10.5.3低压熔断器LV Fuses………646
10.5.3.1螺旋式榕断器Screw Base Fuse 646
10.5.3.2无填料封闭管式熔新器Sealed Tube Fuse without Filling… 646
10.5.3.3有填料快速熔断器Filled Fast Fuse…647
10.5.3.4插入式挖断器Pug-in Fuse…647
10.5.4微型断路器及附件Miniature Circuit Breaker and Accessories… 648
10.5.4.l微型断路器附件Miniature Circuit Breaker Accessories· 648
10.5.4.2微型断路器Miniature Circuit Breaker 649
10.5.5塑壳断路器Moulded Case Circuit Breaker 649
10.5.5.1塑壳断路器Moulded Case Circuit Breaker(MCCB) 649
10.5.5.2望壳断路器模块化系统MCCB Modularized System 650
10.5.6真空负荷开关Vacuum Load Switch 651
10.5.7控制开关C0ntr0 Switch……… 652
10.5.7.1按钮开关Push button Switches 653
10.5.7.2凸轮旋转开关Cam Switches 654
10.5.8变频调速装置Variable Velocity Variable Frequency Device 655
10.5.9电动机启动器Motor Starter 656
10.5.9.1手动启动器Manual Starter…… 656
10.5.9.2自动启动器Automatic Starter 656
10.6控制及保护器件Control and Protection Devices 657
10.6.1电磁机构和器件Electromagnetic Mechanism and Devices 657
10.6.2电磁继电器Electromagnetic Relays 658
10.6.3固态继电器Solid State Relays 659
10.7电气防爆设备Explosion Protected Apparatus 660
10.7.1防爆安装单元Explosion Protected Installation Control Units ...........660
10.7.2防爆照明灯具Explosion Protected Luminaries 661
10.7.3防爆控制设备Explosion Protected Control Equipment 662
10.8供电系统Power Supply System 662
10.8.1预装式变电所Electrical House (E-HOUSE) 662
10.8.2热电厂Thermal Power Plant 663
10.8.3变电所屋内配电装置Indoor Installations of Electric Substation 664
10.8.4节能发电厂Energy Saving Power Plant 665
10.8.5铁塔及电杆Towers and Poles…667
10.8.6静电除尘器Electrostatic Precipitator....................668
10.9电线、电缆及附件Wires,Cables and Accessories 669
10.9.1电缆、电线结构Wire and Cables Structure 669
10.9.1.1一般结构General Structure...669
l0.9.l.2防火/阻燃电缆结构Fire-Proof/Flame Retardant Cable Structure 669
10.9.l.3铝绞线/钢芯铝较线结构Al Twisted Wire/ACSR Wire…669
10.9.2电缆、电线产品Wire and Cables Products 670
10.9.3电缆附件Accessories for Cables…671
10.9.3.145kV以下中、低压电缆附件Upto45 kV Accessories for Low and Medium Voltage Cables 671
10.9.3.2高压电缆附件Accessories for High Voltage Cables 672
10.9.3.3电缆梯架Cable Ladder…673
10.10灯泡Lamps 674
10.11电伴热系统Electrical Heat Tracing System 675
10.11.1电伴热产品Electrical Heat Tracing Products 675
10.11.1.1自调控电伴热带Self-Regulating Heat Tracing Cable 675
10.11.1.2限功率伴热带Power Limiting Heat Tracing Cable 675
10.11.1.3并联恒功率伴热带Parallel Constant Watt Cable 675
10.11.1.4串联恒功率伴热带Series Constant Watt Cable 676
10,11.1,5可物绝缘伴热带Mineral Insulated Cable 676
1o.11.1.6罐和容器的加热板Tank and Vessel Heating Panel 676
10.11.1.7仓斗伴热板Hopper Heating Module
677
10.11.2典型电伴热系统Typical Heat Tracing System 677
10.11.3电伴热控制和监测Heat Tracing Control and Monitoring 678
10.12阴极保护Cathodic Protection 679
10.12.1阴极保护测试站和接线箱Cathodic Protection Test Stations and Juncti0nB0X……………679
10.12.2长效参比电极Permanent Reference Cell ...……679
10.12.3阳极680
10.12.4填料Backfill 681
10.12.5整流器Rectifier 681
10.12.6绝缘材料Insulation Material 682
10.12.7接地电池Gr0unding Cells.......……682
10.12.8阴极保护系统Cathodic Protection Systems 683
10.12.8.1深阳极系统Deep Anode System…683
10.12.8.2水罐系统Water Storage Tank System…683
10.12.8.3地上储罐罐底保护Protection for Above Ground Storage Tank Bottoms 684
10.12.8.4地下储罐保护Protection for Underground Storage Tanks 684
10.13接地防雷系统Grounding and Lightning System 685
10.13.1接地产品Grounding Products 685
10.13.2典型防雷系统Typical Lightning System…686
10.14监测控制和数据采集Supervise Control and Data Acquiring(SCADA) 687
10.15通信系统Telecommunication System 688
10.15.1用户电话交换机PABX 688
10.15.2结构化布线系统Structured Cabling System 689
10.15.3扩音对讲系统Paging System 690
10.15.4有线电视系统Cable TV System 690
11实验室Laboratory 691
11.1实验室常用仪器General Apparatus and Instruments… 691
11.1.1玻璃器皿Glassware 691
11.1.2实验室主要分析仪器General Laboratory Equipment 691
11.2化学试剂和药品Chemicals and Reagents 692
11.2.1无机试剂Inorganic Reagent 692
11.2.2有机试剂Organic Reagent………………………693
11.2.3指示剂Indicator 694
11.3实验室常用词汇Laboratory Vocabulary 694
11.4主要分析仪器示例图Legend for Main Laboratory Equipment 695
11.4.1分析天平Analytical Balance 695
11.4.2电极Electrode 695
11.4.2.1玻璃电极G引ass Electr0de 695
11.4.2.2甘汞电极Calomel Electrode 696
11.4.3色谱仪类Chromatography 696
11.4.3.1气相色谱法原理图Gas Chromatograph Schematic Diagram…696
11.4.3.2气相色谱仪外观图Gas Chromatograph Outline 697
11.4.3.3气相色谱进样模式Gas Chromatograph Injection Mode 697
11,4.3.4液相色谱示意图Liquid Chromatograph Schematic Diagram 698
11,4.4光谱类仪器Spectrometric Instruments… 698
11.4.4.1紫外-可见分光光度计光路图UV-Visible Spectrophotometer Optical Schematic Diagram...........698
11.4.4.2傅立叶变换红外光谱仪原理图Fourier Transform Infrared Spectrometer Schematic Diagram 699
11.4.4.3原子吸收分光光度计示意图Atomic Absorption Spectrophotometer Schematic Diagram........699
11.4.5电化学类仪器Electrochemistry Instruments 700
11.4.5.1卡尔费休水分商定仅Karl Fisher Auto Titrator 700
11.4.5.2卡尔费休水分滴定仪原理图Karl Fisher Auto Titrator Schematic Diagram 700
11.4.5 3pH计pH Meter 701
11.4.6水质分析仪器Apparatus for Water Analysis 701
11.4.6.1生物耗氧量测定仪Apparatus for Biological Oxygen Command Determination 701
ll.4.6.2化学耗氧量测定仪Apparatus for Chemical Oxygen Command Determination 702
12土建工程Civil Engineering 703
12.1建筑Architectural 703
12.l.1平面图、立面图、剖面图Plan,Elevation and Section 703
12.l.2楼梯、电梯Staircase and Lift 704
12.1.3卫生间T0ilet…………704
12.l.4门的形式Type of Doors 705
12.1.5窗的形式Type of Windows 706
12.1.6窗的组成Components of Windows 706
12.1.7屋顶的形式Type of Roofs 707
12.1.8钢结构厂房Steel Structure House 708
12.1.9钢结构厂房节点Detail of Steel Structure House 709
12.1.10薄壳屋顶Shell Roofs…711
12.2结构Construction 712
12.2.1设计条件Design Information 712
12.2.2材料Material……713
12.2.2.1混凝土Concrete 713
12.2.2.2钢筋Reinforcement 713
12.2.2.3结构钢Structural Steel 713
12.2.3荷载条件L0adC0nditic0n 714
12.2.3.1几何图形Geometry 714
12.2.3.2荷载种类Type of Loads 714
12.2.3.3施加载荷mp0sedl0ads…………714
12.2.4结构计算Structure Calculation 715
12.2.4.1受力及受力条件Force and Application… 715
12.2.4.2参数Parneter 715
12.2.4.3支承、变形和稳定Support,Deformation and Stability 716
12.2.4.4框架Frames…………716
12.2.5土壤与基础Soil and Foundation…717
12.2.5.1土壤符号Symbols for Soil 717
12.2.5.2土层剖面图Subsoil Profile 717
12.2.5.3基础类型Type of Foundation 718
12.2.5.4基础剖面Section of Foundation 718
12.2.5.5桩的形式Type of Pile…719
12.2.5.6设备基础Foundation for Equipment……720
12.2.5.7大型设备的锚固Anchorage of Heavy Machine 721
12.2.6多层工业厂房Multistory Industrial Buildings*…723
12.2.7钢筋混凝土结构Reinforced Concrete Construction 724
12.2.8工业构筑物Industrial Structures……724
12.2.8.1烟囱的形式Types of Chimneys 724
12.2.8.2管支架Pipe Supports 725
12.2.8.3排气筒Vent Stacks 726
12.2.8.4水塔的形式Types of Water T0wers…727
12.2.8.5冷却塔C00ling T0wer…………727
12.2.8.6通廊和栈桥Galleries and Trestles………………………728
12.2.8.7简仓和储斗Silos and Bunkers…728
12.2.8.8低温液化气体储罐Tank for the Storage of Refrigerated Liquefied Gases 729
12.2.9锅结构Steel Construction 730
12.2.9.1钢构件的连接Connection of Steel Members 731
12.2.9.2钢结构连接详图Structural Steel Connection Details 732
12.2.9.3钢栏杆Steel Balustrade 733
l2.2.9.4钢扶梯和爬梯Steel Stairs and Ladders……734
12.3 Heating Ventilation and Air Conditioning 735
12.3.1采暖系统与散热器Heating System and Radiator………735
12.3.1,1散热器Radiat0r…735
12.3.1.2暖风机Unit Heater…………………736
12.3.1.3自动及手动排气阀Automatic and Manual Air Vent-Valve 737
12.3.1.4热水分/集水器和蒸汽分汽缸Supply/.Return Header for Hot Water and Supply Header for Steam 738
12.3.1.5开式膨胀水箱Open Type Expansion Tank 739
12.3.2通风与空调设备Ventilation and Air Conditioning Equipment 740
12.3.2.1离心风机及减震台座Centrifugal Fan and Shock Absorption Support....740
12.3.2.2轴流风机Axial Fan……741
12.3.2.3混流风机Mixed Flow Fan…741
12.3.2.4屋顶风机Roof Fan 742
12.3.2.5风机箱Cabinet Fan 743
12.3.2.6组合式空气处理机Modular Air Handling Unit 744
l2.3.2.7整体式水冷空调机Water-Cooled Packaged Air Conditioner 745
12.3.2.8分体式风冷空调机Air-Cooled Split Air Conditioner…746
12.3.2.9屋顶式空调机Roof Air Conditioning Unit 747
12.3.3空调制冷与末端设备Refrigerating and Terminal Equipment 747
12.3.3.1离心式冷水机组Centrifugal-Type Water Chiller 747
12.3.3.2直燃式澳化锂吸收式冷水机组Direct-Fired Lithium-BromideAbsorption Water Chiller 748
12.3.3.3蒸汽型澳化锂吸收式制冷机Steam Type Lithium-BromideAbsorption Water Chiller……749
12.3.3.4热水型溴化锂吸收式制冷机Hot Water Type Lithium-Bromide Absorption Water Chiller 749
12.3.3.5螺杆式冷水机组Screw-Type Water Chiller 750
12.3.3.6新风净化机组Fresh Air Unit………751
12.3.3.7多联机空调VRV System…751
12.3.3.8新风换气机Fresh-Air Exchanger 752
12.3.3.9风机盘管Fan Coil 752
12.3.4通风管道及部件Duct and Fitments 753
12.3.4.1风管Duct 753
12.3.4.2风管弯头E1b0 w for Duct…753
12.3.4.3风管三通Tee for Duct…754
12.3.4.4风管异径Reducer for Duct…755
12.3.4.5手动对开多叶调节阀Manual Opposed Multi-Blade RegulatingDamper..........755
12.3.4.6手柄式堞阀Hand Grip Type Butterfly Damper 756
12.3.4.7拉链式堞阀Dragline Type Butterfly Damper 756
12.3.4.8风管止回阀Check Damper 757
12.3.4.9变风量文丘里阀Variable Air Volume Venturi Valve 758
12.3.4.10抗爆阀Blast Valve 758
12.3.4.11通风空调系统送回风口Supply Air Outlet and Return Air Intakefor Ventilation and Air Conditioning System............759
12.3.4.12防火阀Fire Damper 761
12.3.4.13排气罩Exhaust H00d……761
12.3.4.14风管支吊架Bracket Support and Hanger Frame for Duct 762
12.3.4.15风管保温Insulation of Duct 762
12.3.4.16管式消声器Cell Type Attenuator 763
12.3.4.17片式消声器Plate Type Attenuator 763
12.4总图运输General Plot Plan and Transportation……764
12.4.1总图General Plot plan………764
12.4.1.1总图Overall Plot Plan…764
12.4.1.2风玫瑰Wind Rose.........765
12.4.1.3地形图Topographic Map 765
12.4.2道路Road 766
12.4.2.1城市型道路City Road 766
12.4.2.2公路型道路Highway 766
12.4.2.3道路结构Road Structure..............767
12.4.3铁路Railway…………768
12.4.4厂☒竖向Plant Vertical Arrangement 768
12.4.5土方工程Earth Work 769
12.4.6绿化Greening 769
12.4.7其他构筑物Other Structure 770
12.4.7.1护坡Slope Protection 770
12.4.7.2急流槽Chute 770
12.4.7.3跌水Drop Water 770
12.4.7.4挡土墙Retaining Wall 771
12.4.7.5涵洞Culvert 771
13焊接772
13.1焊接符号Welding Symbols 772
13.2金属焊接Welding of Metals 773
13.3保护式电弧焊原理Principles of Shielded Arc Welding............775
13.4焊接位置、接头形式及焊接形式Welding Positions,Types of Joints and Welding 776
13.5坡口Gf00Ves……777
13.6坡口详图Detail of Grooves 778
13.7填角焊、角焊Fillet Welding 779
13.8焊接缺陷Defects of Welding 780
13.9焊接方法及设备Type of Welding and Welding Machine 781
13.9.1自动埋弧焊Automatic Submerged Arc Welding 781
13.9.2金属极气体保护焊焊枪Electrode Guns of Gas Meta-Arc Welding…782
13.9.3气体保护电弧焊Gas-Shielded Arc Welding 783
13.9.4金属极情性气体保护焊Gas Metal-Arc Welding 784
13.9.5普通电渣焊Conventional Electroslag Welding……785
13.9.6熔嘴电渣焊Electroslag Welding by Consumable Guide Tube……786
13,9,7电气焊Electre0 gas Welding…………………787
13.9.8管状焊丝电弧焊Flux-Cored Arc Welding 789
13.9.9气焊设备Gas Welding Equipment………790
13.9.10移动式乙块发生器Portable Acetylene Generators… 791
13.9.11乙决发生器的基本形式Basic Types of Acetylene Generators" 792
13.10塑料焊接Welding of Plastics 793
13.11焊接术语Welding Term…795
13.12熔焊术语Fusion Welding Term 795
13.13钎焊术语Soldering Term 795
13.14焊接材料术语Welding Material Term 795
14无损检验Non-destructive Testing 796
14.1无损检验方法Non-destructive Testing Method 796
14.2无损检验设备Non-destructive Testing Apparatus 798
14.2.1探孔镜及显微镜Borescope and Microscope 798
14.2.2 X射线发生器及其线路X-Ray Tube and Its Circuit 799
14.2.3射线照相及电子照相Photoradiography and Electroradiography 800
14.2.4轻便X射线机及透度计Mobile X-Ray Unit and Penetrometer ..........801
14.2.5超声波探伤方法及探头
Ultrasonic Test Methods and Search Units ..... 802
14,2.6超声波发射探头及接收探头Ultrasonic Transducer and Refraction 803
14.2.7配管焊缝的超声波探伤Ultrasonic Testing of Weld in Piping 804
14.2.8成套式渗透探伤仪Self-Contained Penetrant Inspection Unit· 805
14.3磁化法Methods of Magnetization..........806
14.4超声波检测术语Ultrasonic Testing Term 806
14.5射线检测术语Radiation Testing Term 807
14.6渗透检测术语Penetrant Testing Term 807
14.7磁粉表面检测术语Magnetization Surface Testing Term 807
14.8涡流检测术语Eddy Current Testing Term:807
15施工设备和工具Construction Equipment and Tool 808
15.1起重机械Hoisting Machinery 808
15.1.1庥绳、绳结、吊索和吊具Hemp Ropes,Knots,.Sling and Hardware 808
15.1.1.1麻绳和绳结Hemp Ropes and Knots 808
15.1.1.2吊索Sing 809
15.1.1.3吊具Hardware…811
15.2.2起重机构造与吊车手语Crane Structure and Sign Language 815
15.1.3各类起重机Types of Crane……817
15.1.4手动葫芦和千斤顶Manual Hoist and Lifting Jack 818
15.1.5电动吊篮Electromotion Basket 820
15.1.6手动吊篮Manual Operation Basket 821
15.1.7液压汽车起重机Hydraulic Pressure Mobile Cranes 822
15.1.8塔吊T0wer Crane………824
15.1.9桥式起重机Overhead Crane 824
15.1.10门式起重机Gantry Crane 825
15.1.11手动式屋面移动吊机Manual Operating Roof Suspension HoistMachine..............825
15.1.12电动式屋面移动吊机Electrocution Roof Suspension HoistMachine 825
15.1.13叉车和附属配件Forklift and Accessory 826
15.2工具T00ls………827
15.2.1木工工具Wood Working Tools 827
15.2.2扳手Wrenches…828
15.2.3活扳手及管Adjustable Wrenches and Pipe Wrenches 830
15.2.4钳和剪钳Pliers and Nippers 831
15.2.5刀具的柄部、套节及套筒Shakes,Sockets and Sleeves 832
15.2.6丝锥Taps 833
15.2.7铰刀Reamers.................834
15.2.8麻花钻Twist Drills 835
15.2.9检测规Inspection Gages 836
15.2.10量具Measuring Tools 837
15.3混凝土搅拌设备，Concrete Mixer Equipment 838
15.3.1工业用搅拌机Industrial Mixer 838
15.3.2现场用搅拌机On-site Mixer 839
15.3.3混凝土用车Concrete Mixer Trucks 839
15.3.4预搅拌混凝土站Ready-mix Conerete Batch Plant 840
15.3.5商品混凝土搅拌站Commodity Concrete Mixing Station 841
15.3.6汽车式混凝土搅拌运输车Concrete Truck Mixer 842
15.4土方设备Earthwork Equipment 843
15.4.1挖掘机Excavator……843
15.4.2推土机Bulldo2er 845
15.4.3装载机Loader 846
15.4.4挖掘装载机（两头忙）Backhoe 847
15.4.5平地机Grader 848
15.4.6滑移转向装载机（机器猫）Skid Steer Loader(Bobcat) 848
15.5地基处理机械Foundation Treatment Machinery: 849
15.5.1步履式打桩机Walking Piling Rig 849
15.5.2螺旋钻打桩机Auger Piling Rig 850
15.5.3展压机Compactor Rollers 851
15.5.4水平定向钻孔机Horizontal Directional Drilling Machinery 853
15.5.5钻机Drilling Machine 854
15.5.6强夯机械Rammer Machinery…… 856
15.6高处作业平台和工程车辆Height Platform and Construction Vehicle 857
15.6.1叉车和附属配件Forklift and Attachments 857
15.6.2混凝土泵车C0ncrete Boon Truck……858
15.6.3液压升降平台Hydraulic Pressure Lift Platform..............................859
15.6.4升降车Man Lift 860
15.6.5工程车辆Construction Vehicle 862
15.6.5.1公路型运输车On-highway Trucks 862
15.6.5.2越野型运输车Of-highway Trucks 864
15.6.5.3拖车Trailer 864
15.7滑模施工Slipform Construction 865
15.8大模板爬模施工Large Formwork Climbing Construction……868
15.9钢筋加工机械Process Machinery for Steel Bar……… 869
15.9.1钢筋切断器Steel Bar Cutter 869
15.9.2钢筋拔丝机Steel Bar Stretcher 871
15.9.3钢筋调直机Steel Bar Straightening Machines..............................874
15.9.4钢筋弯曲机Steel Bar Bender 875
15.9.5钢筋笼滚焊机Rotary Welding Machinery for Steel Cage 877
15.9.6数控钢筋切锯套丝机NC Thread Machinery for Steel Sawing 878
15.9.7数控钢筋弯曲机CNC Rebar Bending Machinery 878
15.10脚手架Scaffolding 879
15.10.1脚手架构件Scaffolding Component........879
15.10.2脚手架形式Types of Scaffolding 882
15.11测绘Surveying… 884
15.11.1经纬仪Theodolite 884
15.11.2光电测距仪Photoelectricity Rangefinder 885
15.11.3水准仪Optical Level 886
15.11.4全站仪Total Station887
15.11.5其他测绘工具Other Surveying Tools 887
索引889
高清PDF《新能源译丛 生物燃料手册》（美）詹姆斯 G.斯佩特
本书主要帮助读者了解生物质转化为燃料产品的可用方式，全书分为3篇：第一篇讲述常规燃料和非常规燃料，包括常规燃料、非常规燃料、生物质制取燃料概述、生物炼制、生物燃料：第二篇讲述木质纤维素基生物燃料，包括农作物生产燃料、农作物燃料的特性、林业资源生产燃料、木材燃料的性质：第三篇讲述废弃物衍生燃料，包括生活垃级与工业废弃物燃料的生产及其特性、生活垃圾和工业废弃物衍生燃料的特性、垃圾填埋气的生产、垃圾填埋气的应用、费托合成技术。
本书适合作为高等院校相关专业的教学参考用书，也适合从事相关专业的技术人员阅读参考。
目录
第一篇常规燃料和非常规燃料
第1章常规燃料……3
1.1引言3
1.2石油炼制5
1.2.1脱水和脱盐5
1.2.2蒸馏5
1.2.3热处理过程7
1.2.4催化裂化工艺11
1.2.5加氢工艺12
1.2.6重整工艺13
1.2.7异构化工艺15
1.2.8烷基化工艺16
1.2.9聚合工艺17
1.2.10脱沥青工艺17
1.2.11脱蜡…19
1.3石油产品和燃料……20
1.3.1气态燃料20
1.3.2液态燃料22
1.3.3固态燃料28
参考文献28
第2章非常规燃料30
2.1引言30
2.2油砂沥青31
2.2.1性质………32
2.2.2沥青回收与炼制1…………32
2.3煤炭………34
2.3.1煤炭液化……34
2.3.2煤炭气化35
2.3.3煤制气体燃料37
2,34液体燃料…………39
2.3.5固体燃料39
2.4油页岩……40
2.4.1页岩油生产41
2.4.2页岩油炼制……44
2.5天然气水合物48
2.6合成燃料……49
参考文献…………52
第3章生物质制取燃料概述53
3.1发展史53
3.2生物质原料…54
3.2.1生物燃料资源55
3.2.2林业生物质58
3.2.3农业废弃物59
3.2.4城市垃圾………59
3.3生物质植物化学59
3.4生物炼制61
3.5生物燃料62
3.5.1生物乙醇62
3.5.2生物柴油64
3.5.3生物甲醇68
3.5.4生物油………………69
3.5.5生物制氢……70
3.5.6生物合成气通过费托合成生产柴油燃料72
3.6生物燃料：液体石化燃料的替代品73
3.7食物与燃料………………76
参考文献77
第4章生物炼制87
41引言………87
4.2生物质原料88
4.2.1碳水化合物89
4.2.2植物油…90
4.2.3植物纤维90
4.2.4一般分类91
4.3生物炼制………92
4.4工艺选择…………94
4.4.1直接燃烧……95
4.4.2气化96
4.4.3热解101
4.4.4厌氧消化102
4.4.5发酵和水解104
4.4.6酯交换反应106
4.5生物燃料110
4.5.1气体燃料110
4.5.2液体燃料111
4.5.3固态燃料112
4.6展望112
参考文献113
第5章生物燃料………117
5.1概述117
5.2组成119
5.3生物燃料分类120
5.3.1第一代生物燃料…120
5.3.2第二代生物燃料………122
5,3.3第三代生物燃料……122
5.4生物燃料123
5.4.1生物柴油123
5.4.2生物醇125
5.4.3生物醚127
5.4.4生物气127
5.4.5生物油128
5.4.6合成气129
5.5随原料来源而变的属性……130
5.6与石油、油砂沥青、煤和油页岩燃料的性能对比133
5.7燃料的规格和性能………137
参考文献141
第二篇木质纤维素基生物燃料
第1章农作物生产燃料…147
1.1引言147
1.2谷类农作物的特性和组分149
1.3能源作物152
1.4转换路径155
1.5转化方法156
1.5.1厌氧消化156
1.5.2热解159
1.5.3发酵160
1.5.4气化160
1.6产物162
1.6.1乙醇162
1.6.2其他醇类163
1.6.3生物柴油164
1.6.4烃类产品165
参考文献………165
第2章农作物燃料的特性167
2.1引言167
2.2醇类燃料167
2.2.1甲醇170
2.2.2乙醇171
2.2.3丙醇和丁醇174
2.3烃类燃料一汽油馏分175
2.4烃类燃料柴油馏分……178
2.5烃类燃料一其他的燃料181
2.6特性183
2.7未来需求184
参考文献185
第3章林业资源生产燃料188
3.1引言…………188
3.2木材的利用190
3.3木质生物质192
3.3.1木炭生产192
3.3.2致密成型193
3.3.3热电联产、区域供热和制冷193
3.3.4生物质193
3.3.5木材燃烧194
3.3.6木材气化195
3.3.7转化过程195
3.3.8生物质利用研究……………196
3.4木材的组成和性质…………197
3.4.1木材的化学成分………197
3.4.2木材的类型199
3.4.3木材的性质…………201
3.4.4树木的质量202
3.5木材制取气体燃料………202
3.5.1混合气体系统203
3.5.2测试程序204
3.6木材制取液体燃料…………208
3.6.1木材资源的能量…………212
3.6.2乙醇212
3.6.3甲醇214
3.6.4生物柴油215
3.7木质固体燃料218
参考文献219
第4章木材燃料的性质……222
4.1引言222
4.2木材的性质222
4.3木材燃料的性质226
4.4气体燃料的性质227
4.5液体燃料的性质230
4.5.1甲醇230
4.5.2乙醇232
4.5.3二甲醚234
4.5.4热解油和碳氢化合物235
4.5.5辛烷值238
4.6固体燃料的性质238
4.6.1木材和木材颗粒……………239
4.6.2木炭和焦炭240
参考文献………………242
第三篇废弃物衍生燃料
第1章生活垃圾与工业废弃物燃料的生产及其特性……247
1.1简介247
1.1.1废弃物的来源以及种类……………248
1.1.2废弃物的环境问题一………251
1.2废弃物处理252
1.2.1焚烧252
1.2.2气化256
1.2.3热解和裂解260
1.2.4其他工艺265
1,3结论………………277
缩略词列表………………277
参考文献……278
第2章生活垃圾和工业废弃物衍生燃料的特性………281
2.1引言281
2.2气态燃料（源于厌氧消化的合成气、填埋气体和沼气）282
2.2.1引言282
2.2.2气化化学283
2.2.3性质283
2.3液态燃料289
2.3.1柴油替代品289
2.3.2传统柴油的其他混合物294
2.3.3类柴油燃料294
2.3.4生物原油和热解油……294
2.4固体燃料298
2.4.1压块298
2.4.2颗粒燃料300
2.4.3热解固体301
2.5结论302
缩略词列表302
参考文献303
第3章垃圾填埋气的生产………305
3.1引言305
3.2垃圾分类305
3.2.1传统城市生活垃圾填埋场305
3.2.2危险垃圾填埋场…306
3.2.3建筑和碎片垃圾填埋场306
3.2.4表面蓄水池306
3.2.5生物反应器垃圾填埋场307
3.2.6小型垃圾填埋场307
3.3垃圾填埋气…………………308
3.4垃级填埋气的产生………………311
3.4.1蒸发和挥发311
3.4.2生物降解311
3.4.3化学反应314
3.4.4影响垃圾填埋气产生的因素………314
3.4.5垃圾填埋气生产模型………315
3.5气体迁移321
3.5.1分子泄流322
3.5.2分子扩散322
3.5.3对流…322
3.6气体收集系统…323
3.6.1被动气体收集系统(PGCS)323
3.6.2主动气体收集系统…………………325
3.6.3被动与主动气体收集系统的比较………327
3.7生物反应器垃级填埋场…………327
3.7.1厌氧生物反应器垃圾填埋场……327
3.7.2好氧生物反应器填埋场………328
3.7.3复合生物反应器填埋场……………328
3.7.4三种生物反应器的比较…………328
3.7.5生物反应器填埋效益………329
3.7.6生物反应器填埋场设计329
3.7.7生物反应器填埋场的运行和维护333
3.8垃圾填埋场开采334
3.9结论……335
缩略词列表335
参考文献…………………336
第4章垃圾填埋气的应用…………340
4.1引言…340
4.1.1气体收集340
4.1.2气体预处理340
4.2填埋场垃圾的气化…342
4.2.1传统气化工艺343
4.2.2等离子体气化343
4.3发电345
4.3.1内燃机(ICE)345
4.3.2汽轮机346
4.3.3微型燃气轮机346
4.3.4有机朗肯循环(QRC)346
4.3.5斯特林循环发动机(SCE)347
4.3.6性能比较347
4.3.7热电联产和热电冷三联产系统347
4.3.8燃料电池348
4.4其他用途349
4.4.1锅炉、水泥窑和工艺加热器350
4.4.2转化为高品位替代燃料………350
4.4.3转化为天然气级别质量的气体350
4.4.4化工原料351
4.4.5垃圾填埋气燃烧火炬的热回收…351
4.4.6垃圾填埋气用于能源产业的例子…351
4.5环境影响352
4.5.1灰烬、炉渣、重金属、灰尘352
4.5.2烟气以及其他气体化合物…………………352
4.6成本………352
4.7政策和激励措施353
4.8结论354
参考文献……354
第5章费托合成技术………355
5.1引言355
5.2费托合成(F-T)技术的历史和发展进程……355
5.3合成气的生产：费托合成的前期准备………356
5.3.1蒸汽重整357
5.3.2自热重整(ATR)358
5.3.3联合重整359
5.3.4热部分氧化359
5.3.5催化部分氧化(CPOX）359
5.3.6煤的气化360
5.3.7膜反应器360
5.3.8合成气工艺的产物……361
5.3.9从合成气中获取高纯度的CO和H361
5.4费托合成技术的特性…………362
5.4.1费托合成的化学反应……362
5.4.2低温和高温下的费托合成反应体系362
5.4.3费托反应装置的设计………363
5.4.4费托反应的原理和产物……363
5.4.5费托反应产物的组分组成……364
5.4.6建立费托产物分布模型…………………364
5.4.7H,/C0比例与温度对碳链生长概率的影响368
5.5费托合成机理和反应的选择性………………369
5.5.1费托合成机理…369
5.5.2温度对费托反应产物选择性的影响370
5.5.3催化剂性能对费托反应选择性的作用：化学及结构助剂371
5.5,4在费托反应选择特性中压力与供给气成分的影响371
5.6低温费托(LT℉T)反应堆…………372
5.6.1管式固定床反应器……372
5.6.2浆料相反应器…………373
5.6.3低温费托反应动力学………374
5.6.4LTFT催化剂的失活……375
5.7高温费托合成(HTFT)反应器377
5.7.1循环流化床(CFB)反应器377
5.7.2传统流化床反应器…………378
5.7.3传统流化床相比较循环流化床的优势378
5.7.4高温费托合成的选择性生产380
参考文献381
词汇表384
高清PDF《特殊钢丛书 镍及其耐蚀合金》康喜范
全书共分12章，主要内容包括：镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的分类及物理性质：镍、镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的腐蚀行为和耐蚀性；纯镍：N-A!耐蚀合金：Ni-Cu耐蚀合金；Ni-Cr耐蚀合金；Ni-Mo耐蚀合金；Ni-Cr-Mo耐蚀合金；Ni-CrMo-Cu时蚀合金；Ni-Fe-Cr铁镍基耐蚀合金；Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo铁镍基耐蚀合金；Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu铁镍基耐蚀合金。
本书可供从事钢铁、石油天然气开采、石油化工、化学加工、能源工业湿法治金、海洋开发、环境保护、金属材料等相关专业的工程技术人员参考和研究生使用，也可供从事相关研究和开发的工程技术人员参考使用。
目录
1概述1
1.1定义和分类1
1.11定义……1
1.1.2镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的分类1
1.2镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的近代发展2
1.2.1 Ni-C山时蚀合金“8
1.2.2 Ni-Cr-Fe耐蚀合金8
1.2.3 Ni-Mo耐蚀合金8
1.2.4 Ni-Cr-Mo和Ni-Cr-Mo-W耐蚀合金…9
1.2.5 Ni-Cr-M0-C山时蚀合金…9
1.2.6 Ni-Fe-Cr铁镍基耐蚀合金10
1.2.7 Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo铁镍基耐蚀合金10
1.2.8 Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu铁镍基时蚀合金…10
1.3镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的物理冶金…12
1.3.1主要合金元素的作用…12
1.3.2耐蚀合金中的碳化物13
1.3.3耐蚀合金中的金属间相…17
参考文献…20
2镍、镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的腐蚀行为和耐蚀性23
2.1全面腐蚀…24
2.1.1镍、镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金在酸溶液中的腐蚀…25
2.1.2镍及其耐蚀合金在碱溶液中的腐蚀…38
2.1.3在高温F、CI、HCl、HF和BF,中镍及其耐蚀合金的腐蚀40
2.2晶间腐蚀…44
2.2.1 Ni-Cr合金系45
2.2.2 Ni-Mo合金系46
2.2.3 Ni-Cr-M0合金系…48
2.3点腐蚀和缝隙腐蚀…49
2.3.1镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金在酸性FCl,中的耐点蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀性能…50
2.3.2镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金在氧化性酸性氯化物溶液(Green Death溶液)中的耐点蚀和耐缝隙腐蚀性能…50
2.3.3在海水中的耐缝隙腐蚀性能…52
2.4应力腐蚀(SCC)…53
2.4.1影响合金耐SCC的合金成分因素…54
2.4.2影响合金耐SCC的显微组织因素…57
2.4.3在卤族化合物环境中的SCC…58
2.4,4在含疏类物质环境中的SCC…61
2.4.5镍基和铁镍基耐蚀合金的苛性应力腐蚀…63
2.4.6在高温纯水中的SCC…65
参考文献…67
3纯镍…71
3.1镍碳二元相图…71
3.2热加工纯镍的性能71
3.2.1 Ni200和Ni201的化学成分72
3.2.2室温力学性能…72
3.2.3低温性能…72
3.2.4高温力学性能…76
3.2.5 Ni200和Ni201的耐蚀性77
3.2.6热加工、冷成型、热处理和焊接性能85
3.2.7 Ni200和Ni201的物理性能86
3.3应用…87
参考文献88
4 Ni-AI耐蚀合金89
4.1杜拉镍301的化学成分90
4.2杜拉镍301的性能…90
4.2.1室温力学性能…90
4.2.2高温力学性能…………93
4.2.3耐蚀性…93
4.2.4热加工、冷成型、热处理和焊接性能…94
4.2.5物理性能…95
4.3应用…96
参考文献96
5 Ni-C刘耐蚀合金…97
5.1铜对镍附蚀性的影响…97
5.1.1铜对镍电化学行为的影响…97
5.1.2铜对镶耐蚀性的影响………………99
5.2常用镍铜耐蚀合金的组织、性能和应用101
5.2.1 Ni68Cu28Fe(Monel 400)101
5.2.2 Ni68Cu28Al(Monel K-500)..........128
参考文款136
6 N-Cr耐蚀合金…137
6.1铬对镍耐蚀性的影响………138
6.1.1铬对镍电化学行为的影响…138
6.1.2铬对镍在氧化性酸介质中耐蚀性的影响139
6.1.3铬对镍在强氧化性硝酸中耐蚀性的影响139
6.1.4铬对镍在高温气体中耐蚀性的影响141
6.1,5铬对Ni-Cr合金应力腐蚀行为的影响…142
6.2常用镍铬耐蚀合金的组织、性能和应用……142
6.2.1 0Cr15Ni75Fe(Inconel 600.NS 3102)143
6.2.2 0Cr23Ni63Fe14Al(Inconel 601.NS 3103)165
6.2.3 0Cr20Ni65Ti3AlNb(NS4101)…173
6.2.4 0Cr15Ni70Ti3AINb(Inconel X-750)176
6.2.5 0Cr30Ni60Fel0(Inconel 690,NS 3105)183
6.2.6 0Cr35Ni65Al(Corronel 230,NS 3104)....191
参考文献197
7 Ni-Mo耐蚀合金199
7.1 Ni-Mo二元相图和中间相199
7.2钼和铁、铬对Ni-Mo合金性能的影响200
7.2.1钼对镍性能的影响200
7.2.2铁、铬对Ni-Mo合金性能的影响200
7.3常用镍钼耐蚀合金的组织、性能和应用206
7.3.1 0Mo28Ni65Fe(Hastelloy B,NS 3201)207
7.3.2 00Mo28Ni65Fe2(Hastelloy B-2,NS 3202)221
7.3.3 00Mo30Ni65 Fe2Cr2(Hastelloy B-3,NS 3203)…229
7.3.4 00Mo28Ni65Fe4Cr(Hastelloy B-4,NS 3204)237
参考文献…240
8 Ni-Cr-Mo耐蚀合金…241
8.1 Ni-Cr-Mo三元相图和相241
8.2 Ni-Cr-Mo耐蚀合金中的合金元素及其作用243
8.2.1 Cr、M0的作用…243
8.2.2 Fe对Ni-16Cr-16Mo-4W合金时蚀性的影响…245
8.2.3 Cu对00Crl6Ni60Mol6合金耐蚀性的影响246
8.3镍铬钼耐蚀合金的组织、性能和应用248
8.3.1 0Cr16Ni60Mol6W4(Hastelloy C,NS 3303)251
8.3.2 00Cr16Ni60Mol6W4(Hastelloy C-276,NS 3304)262
8.3.3 00Cr16Ni65Mol6Ti(Hastelloy C-4,NS 3305)270
8.3.4 00Cr22Ni60Mo13 W3(Hastelloy C-22,NS 3308)276
8.3.5 00Cr21Ni58Mol6W4(Inconel 686,NS 3309)286
8.3.6 00Cr23Ni59Mol6(Nicrofer 5923hMo-alloy 59,NS 3311)295
8.3.7 00Cr23Ni59Mo16Cu2(Hastelloy C-2000)301
8.3.8 0Cr22Ni60Mo9Nb4(Inconel 625,NS 3306)307
8.3.900Cr16Ni76Mo2Ti(NS3301)…315
8.3.10 00Cr33Ni55Mo8(Hastelloy G-35)321
8.3.11 00Cr20Ni60Mo8Nb3Ti(Inconel 725)328
参考文献…337
9 Ni-Cr-Mo-Cu耐蚀合金339
9.1铜对镍铬钼合金耐蚀性的影响339
9.2常见几种镍铬钼铜耐蚀合金的组织、性能和应用341
9.2.1几种合金的化学成分和组织结构341
9.2.2力学性能341
9.2.3在各种介质中的耐蚀性341
9.2.4热加工、冷加工、热处理和焊接性能350
9.2.5应用…350
参考文献350
10 Ni-Fe-Cr铁镍基耐蚀合金…352
10.1铬对Fe-Ni合金耐蚀性的影响…354
10.2常用Ni-Fe-Cr耐蚀合金成分、组织、性能和应用…358
10.2.1 Cr20Ni32型耐应力腐蚀合金(Incoloy800,NS1101)358
10.2.2 00Cr25Ni35ATi(新13号耐应力腐蚀合金，NS1103)370
参考文献…376
11 Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo铁镍基耐蚀合金377
11.1钼对镍-铁-铬合金耐蚀性的影响377
11.2 0Cr20Ni43Mo13(NS1301)耐蚀合金的组织性能和应用…379
11.2.1化学成分和组织特点…379
11.2.2室温力学性能…379
11.2.3附蚀性…379
11.2.4热加工、冷加工、热处理和焊接性能…380
11.2.5应用…381
参考文献……381
12Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu铁镍基耐蚀合金382
12.1铜对Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo合金耐蚀性的影响382
12.2铬对Ni-Fe-Mo-Cu合金耐蚀性的影响384
12.3常用Ni-Fe-Cr-Mo-Cu耐蚀合金的成分、组织、性能和应用…385
12.3.1 00Cr25Ni35Mo3Cu4Ti(NS1401)…385
12.3.2 00Cr27Ni31Mo4Cu(Sanicro-28,Nicrofer 3127LC)394
12.3.3 0Cr21Ni42Mo3Cu2Ti(Incoloy 825,NS 1402401
12.3.4 0Cr20Ni35Mo3Cu3Nb(Carpenter 20cb-3,No.8020,NS1403)415
12.3.5 00Cr27Ni31Mo7CuN(NiCrofer 3127hMo-alloy 31,No.8031,NS1404)420
12.3.6 00Cr33Ni31 Mo2CuN(NiCrlfer 3033-alloy 33,R2033, NS1405)431
12.3.7 0Cr22Ni47Mo6.5Cu2Nb2(Hastelloy G,Nicrofer 4520hMo,NS3402)438
12.3.8 00Cr22Ni48Mo7Cu2Nb(Hastelloy G-3,No.6985,NS 1403)......453
12.3.9 00Cr30Ni43Mo5.5W2.5Cu2Nb(Hastelloy G-30,No.6030,NS3404)457
12.3.10 00Cr20Ni50Mo9WCuNb(Hastelloy G-50,No.6950)467
12.3.11 00Cr21Ni44Mo3Cu2Ti2Al(Incoloy 925,No.9925)469
参考文献…479
