Standard Specificationfor GeneralRequirementsforFlat-RolledStainlessandHeat- Resisting Steel Plate Sheet and Strip
This standand is issued under the fixed designation A480/A480M; the sumber immediately following the designation indicates the yearofiginl ai in ca r ar olt isi Amn pd yr last A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an oditorial change since the last revision or rcappeoval.
This slondand has bhee ayronf for ase by agencies ef Je U.S. Deparosent of Defense.
1. Scope*
1.5 This intermational standord was developed in accor-dance with internationally recognized principles on standard- ization established in the Decision on Principles for theDevelopment of Intermational Standards Guides and Re-Barriers to Trade (TBT) Conumittee. mendarions issued by the World Trade Organization Techunical
1.1 This specification² covers a group of general require-ments that unless otherwise specified in the purchase order or in an individual specification shall apply to rolled steel plate sheet and strip under each of the following specifications issued by ASTM: Specifications A240/A240M A263 A264 A265 A666 A693 A793 and A895.
2. Referenced Documents
product specification and a requirement of this specification 1.2 In the case of confict between a requirement of abetween a requirement of the product specification or a the product specification shall prevail. In the case of conflictrequirement of this specification and a more stringent require-ment of the purchase order the purchase order shall prevail. The purchase order requirements shall not take precedence ifthey in any way violate the requirements of the product specification or this specification; for example by waiving atest requirement or by making a test requirement less stringent.
2.1 ASTM Standards-2
A240/A240M Specification for Chromium and Chromium-Nickel Stainless Steel Plate Sheet and Strip for Pressure A262 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Vessels and for General ApplicationsA263 Specification for Stainless Chromium Steel-Clad Plate Attack in Austenitic Stainless SteelsA264 Specification for Stainless Chromium-Nickel Steel-A265 Specification for Nickel and Nickel-Base Alloy-Clad Clad PlateA342/A342M Test Methods for Permeability of Weakly Steel PlateA370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing Magnetic Materialsof Steel ProductsA666 Specification for Annealed or Cold- Worked Austenitic Stainless Steel Sheet Strip Plate and Flat BarA693 Specification for Precipitation-Hardening Stainless and Heat-Resisting Steel Plate Sheet and StripA700 Guide for Packaging Marking and Loading Methods for Steel Products for ShipmentA751 Test Methods and Practices for Chemical Analysis ofA763 Practices for Detecting Susceptibility to Intergranular Steel ProductsA793 Specification for Rolled Floor Plate Stainless Steel Attack in Ferritic Stainless Steels(Withdrawn 2023)4
are to be regarded separately as standard. The SI units are 1.3 The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound unitsshown in brackets except that when A480M is specified Annex A3 shall apply for the dimensional tolerances and notthe bracketed SI values in Annex A2. The values stated in eachsystem are not necessarily exact equivalents; therefore to ensure conformance with the standard each system shall besystems shall not be bined. used independently of the other and values from the two
1.4 This specification and the applicable material specifica-tions are expressed in both inch-pound and SI units. However unless the order specifies the applicable “M" specificationdesignation [SI units] the material shall be furnished ininch-pound units.
A895 Specification for Free-Machining Stainless Steel Plate A923 Test Methods for Detecting Detrimental Intermetallic Sheet and StripA941 Terminology Relating to Steel Stainless Steel Related Phase in Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless SteelsAlloys and FerroalloysA1084 Test Method for Detecting Detrimental Phases in Lean Duplex Austenitic/Ferritic Stainless SteelsE140 Hardness Conversion Tables for Metals Relationship Among Brinell Hardness Vickers Hardness. RockwellHardness Superficial Hardness Knoop Hardness Sclero-2.2 AIAG Srandard:5 scope Hardness and Leeb Hardness23 ASMEDoen: B-5 Primary Metals Identification Tag Application StandardASME BPVC.IX Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code. Section IX: Welding. Brazing. and Fusing QualificationsFed. Std. No. 123 Marking for Shipment (Civil Agencies) 2.4 Federal Standord:
3. Terminology
3.1 Definitions:
otherwise listed in 3.2 reference should be made to Terminol- 3.1.1For definitions of tems pertaining to this standard notogy A941.
3.2.1 cold work the changing of mechanical propertiesby work hardening.
3.2.2 plate nmaterial %is in. [5.00 mm] and over inthickness and over 10 in. [250 mm] in width; finishes for plareare shown in Section 13.
3.2.3 xheer nmaterial under /is in. [5.00 mm] in thicknessand 24 in. [600 mm] and over in width; finishes for sheer are shown in Section 11.
3.2.4 strip ncold-rolled material under %s in. [5.00 mm]in thickness and under 24 in. [600 mm] in width; finishes are detailed in Section 12 for strip and strip edges in Section 14for cold-rolled strip.
4. Ordering Information
requirements that are necessary for material ordered under this 4.1 It is the responsibility of the purchaser to specify allspecification. Such requirements may include but are not limited to the following:
4.1.1 Quantity (weight and number of pieces)
4.1.2 Name of material (stainless steel)
4.1.3 Condition (hot-rolled cold-rolled annealed heat-treated)
4.1.4 Finish (see Section 11 for sheet Section 12 for strip and Section 13 for plates); in the case of polished finishes specify whether one or both sides are to be polished
4.1.5 Temper (if the applicable material specification re-quires this detail).
4.1.6 Form (plate sheet or strip)
4.1.7 Dimensions (thickness width and length)
thickness. The use of the gauge number is discouraged as being 4.1.7.1 Thickness shall be ordered to decimal or fractionalan archaic term of limited usefulness not having general agreement on meaning. The gauge number shall not be a basis for rejection.
4.1.7.2 Thickness width and length when applicable should be ordered in the same units for example 0.060 in. by48 in. by 120 in. [1.52 mm by 1219 mm by 3048 mm].
4.1.8 Edge strip only (see Section 14 for cold-rolled strip)
material specification 4.1.9 Type or UNS designation refer to the applicable
4.1.10 Specification designation and date of issue
4.1.11 Additions to specification or special requirements
4.1.12 Restrictions (if desired) on methods for determiningyield strength (see appropriate footnote to mechanical proper- ties table of the basic material specification)
4.1.13 Marking requirements (see Section 25)
4.1.14 Preparation for delivery (see Section 25) and
Section 19. 4.1.15 Magnetic permeability test (when required). Refer to
5. Process
5.1 The steel shall be manufactured/produced by the follow-ing or as specified in the applicable material specification.
5.1.1 The steel shall be made by electric-arc electric-induction or other suitable processes.
5.1.2 If a specific type of melting is required by thepurchaser it shall be so specified on the purchase order.
6. Heat Analysis
6.1 Methods and practices relating to chemical analysisshall be in accordance with Test Methods Practices and Terminology A751.
6.2 An analysis of each heat shall be made by the steelproducer to determine the percentages of the elements specified in the applicable material specification. This analysis shall bemade from a test sample taken during the pouring of the melt or from the in-process product later in the manufacturing flow.
requirements for each of the specified elements for the grade 6.2.1 The heat analysis shall conform to the chemicalordered as listed in the applicable product specification.
elements other than those which are specified. It is neither 6.2.2 All mercial metals contain small amounts ofpractical nor necessary to specify limits for unspecified ele- ments that can be present. The producer is permitted to analyzefor unspecified elements and is permitted to report such analyses. The presence of an unspecified element and thereporting of an analysis for that element shall not be a basis fora property typically expected for that metal for the type and rejection unless the presence of that element causes the loss ofquality ordered.
6.2.3The purchaser is permitted to require in the purchaseorder a maximum limit for an individual element not specified in the product specification. Such a requirement for an element
not listed in the product specification when acknowledged inthe order acceptance shall be treated as a specified element with determination of chemical analysis and reporting of thatanalysis.
sample for product analysis is permitted to be either above orbelow the specified range. However percentages must exhibit the same tendencies in all samples; that is the severaldeterminations of any individual element in a heat shall notvary both above and below the specified range.
for any element more stringent; that is require higher mini- 6.2.4 The purchaser is permitted to make the requirements os s with minimum requirements or requiring lower maximums forelements having specified maximums or ranges with maxi- mums. The purchaser is not permitted to make chemicalrequirements less stringent.
8. Material Test Report and Certification
specification shall be supplied to the purchaser. This material 8.1 A repont of the results of alltests required by the producttest report shall reference the product specification designation and year date indicating that the material was manufactured sampled tested and inspected in accordance with requirements of the product specification and has been found to meet those requirements. The material test report shall report the meltingsods of melting or requires that the melting process used is to bereported.
6.2.5Analysis limits shall be established for specificelements rather than groups of elements including but notlimited to all others rare earths and balance unless all elements in such a group are similar in technical effect and areassociated in typical methods of chemical analysis.
an unspecified element for the ordered grade to the extent that 6.3 Except as permitted in 6.3.1 the steel shall not containwhich that element is a specified element having a required the steel conforms to the requirements of another grade forminimum content. For this requirement a grade is defined as an alloy described individually and identified by its own UNSdesignation in a table of chemical requirements within thisspecification or any specification listed within the scope as being covered by the specification.
that the material conforms to the requirements for more than 8.1.1The report shallindicate the type of steel. If certifyingsteel on the report or may issue a separate report for each type one type of steel the manufacturer may indicate each type ofof steel.
document shall clearly identify the organization submitting the 8.2 A signature is not required on the report. However thereport. Not withstanding the absence of a signature theorganization submitting the document is responsible for its content.
on the purchase order maximum allowances for unspecified 6.3.1 Unless otherwise specified to lower maximum limitsspecified grade if the amount of that clement present in the elements will be established for Cu Mo Ti and Nb for thematerial conforms with position limits for that element inanother grade. These allowances are Cu 0.75 %; Mo 0.75 %; Ti 0.10 %; and Nb 0.10 %.
8.3A material test reort cerificate of inspection or similardocument printed from or used in electronic form from an electronic data interchange (EDI) transmission shall be re-garded as having the same validity as a counterpart printed in the certifiers’ facility. The content of the EDI transmitteddocument must meet the requirements of the invoked ASTM o p ( tween the purchaser and the supplier. Notwithstanding thetransmission is responsible for the content of the report. absence of a signature the organization submitting the EDI
non-substitution then the element involved shall be reported as 6.3.2 If any allowance in 6.3.1 is used to demonstrateif it were a specified element.
in pliance with an ASTM product specification when the 6.4 The producer is not permitted to certify that material ispurchase order has required that the material contain as a minimum or range an element that is neither a specifiedelement nor an intentionally added unspecified element for theordered grade in accordance with the definitions of Test Methods Practices and Terminology A751.
8.4 When finished material is supplied to a purchase ordering that material shall provide the purchaser with a copy of the ddns uououooodsnpd usoriginal manufacturer'’s test report.
6.5 The names columbium (Cb) and niobium (Nb) bothrefer to element 41. The name Niobium is preferred but either is acceptable for reporting position.
submiting the report is responsible for the content of the report. Not: 1Notwithstanding the absence of a signature the organization
puter-to-puter exchange of business information in a standard Note 2The industry definition of EDI invoked herein is theformat such as ANSI ASC X12.
7. Product Analysis
7.1 The purchaser is permitted to perform a product analysismaterial representing each heat or lot. Such analysis shall be (formerly check analysis) to verify the identity of the finishedpositively identify the material. made by any of the monly accepted methods that will
provided by EDI to the organization supplying the finished 8.4.1 When the original manufacturer’s test report wasmaterial to the purchaser the organization supplying the finished material shall provide to the purchaser a printed formof the original test report or shall retransmit the test report byEDI to the purchaser. In either case the test report shall be plete with the full identification of the original manufac-manufacturer. turer and with all data provided on the test report of the original
7.2 The chemical position determined in accordancewith 7.1 shall conform to the limits of the material specification within the tolerances of Table A1.1 unless otherwise specifiedin the applicable material specification or the purchase order. The allowable variation of a particular element in a single
9. Permitted Variations in Dimensions and Weight
9.1 Sheet strip and plate shall conform to the permittedproperties when specified as listed in Annex A2 and Annex A3 variations in thickness width length and flatness and otherfor A480 and A480M respectively for the ordered product form or as agreed upon by seller and user and specified in thepurchase order.
10. Workmanship
with good manufacturing and inspection practices. The steel 10.1 The material shall be of uniform quality consistentand quality ordered that will adversely affect the stamping. shall have no imperfections of a nature or degree for the typeforming machining or fabrication of finished parts.
only to material ordered to have a No. 1 finish in accordance 10.2 Sheet Strip and PlatFor sheet and strip restrictedwith 11.1.1 and 12.1.1 respectively and for plate restricted tomaterial ordered to hot-rolled and annealed or hot-rolled annealed and pickle finish in accordance with 13.1.1 and13.1.2 respectively it is permitted to grind to remove surface imperfections provided such grinding does not reduce thethickness or width at any point beyond the permissible varia- tions in dimensions. An iron free abrasive wheel shall be usedfor such grinding and shall be operated at a speed ample toensure that defective areas are cleanly cut out.
11. Finish for Sheet
11.1 The types of finish available on sheet products are:11.1.1 No. / FinishHot-rolled annealed and descaled.11.1.2 No. 2D Finish-Cold-rolled dull finish. 11.1.3 No. 2B Finish-Cold-rolled bright finish.retained by final annealing in a controlled atmosphere furnace. 11.1.3.1 Brighr Anmnealed FinishA bright cold-rolled finishboth sides. 11.1.4 No. 3 Fintish-Intermediate polished finish one or11.1.5 No. 4 Finish-General purpose polished finish oneor both sides. 11.1.6 No. 6 FinishDull satin finish Tampico brushed one or both sides. 11.1.7 No. 7 FinishHigh luster finish.11.1.9 TR Finish-Cold-worked to obtain specified proper- 11.1.8 No. 8 FinishMirror finish.ties.
Nors 3Explanarion of Sheet Finishes:
No. /Commonly referred to as hot-rolled annealed and pickled ordescaled. This is a dull nonreflective finish.
No. 2DA smooth nonreflective cold-rolled annealed and pickled orlubricants in deep drawing applications. descaled finish. This nondirectional finish is favorable for retention of
w! peuy e Buμdu 6q poonpoad Aed qsug papeosap no papod No. 2B-A smooth moderately reflective cold-rolled annealed andreadily polished than No. 1 or 2D finishes. Product with 2B finish is am s qsuy asodmd-qmug s slo pouod Sus ssnd poo-posa tensile-rolled product is specified. normally supplied in the annealed plus lightly cold-rolled condition unless
produced by cold rolling followed by annealing in a peotective atmosphere Bright Annealed FinishA smooth bright reflective finish typicallyso as to prevent oxidation and scaling during annealing.
Krm (°y) ssauu?n axems tany Buou s Suusod eurqou a q pnd q r w ysuy px u V
generally be up to 40 μin. A skilled operator can generally blend thisfinish. Surface roughness measurements differ with different instruments laboratories and operators. There may also be overlap in measurements ofsurface roughness for both Nos. 3 and 4 finishes.
No. 4A linearly textured finish that may be produced by eithermechanical polishing or rolling. Average surface roughness (R ) may s puaq Aieous8 urs Joeado pom V ul s7 on dn aq <eous3laboratories and operators. There may also be overlap in measurements of finish. Surface roughness measurements differ with different instruments surface roughness for both Nos. 3 and 4 finishes. tampico brushing a No. 4 finish. N. 6This fnish has asof sain appearace typically producd by finely ground surface but the grit lines are not removed. It is chiefly used No. 7Has a high degree of rflectivity. It is peduced by buffing afor architectural or ornamental purposes. No. 8This is a highly reflective smooth finish typically produced bypolishing with successively finer gnit abrasives then buffing. Typically. very faint buff of polish lines may still be visible on the final product.Blending after part assembly may be done with buffing. TR FinishThe finish resulting from the cold-rolling of an annealedand descaled or bright anncaled product to obtain mechanical properties pudap a m oumaddy wo peu o jo w ur uing upon the starting finish amount of cold work and the alloy. Architecnsral Finishes-Sometimes described as a No. 5 finish these are a separate category and may be negotiated between buyer and sellet. as there are many techniques and finish variations available throughout theworld. 11.1.10 Architectural finish No. 5 or other proprietarynames are special finishes. 11.1.11 Note 3 is not meant to be restrictive or to be used asa basis for rejection but is intended to give general guidelines.finishes. Various production methods may be used to obtain these polished. When polished on one side only it is permitted to 11.1.12 Sheets can be produced with one or two sidesflatness. rough grind the other side in order to obtain the necessary 12. Finish for Strip 12.1 The various types of finish procurable on cold-rolledae sonpod ds 12.1.1 No. / Finish-Cold-rolled to specified thickness annealed and descaled.final light cold-roll pas generally on highly polished rolls. 12.1.2 No. 2 FinishSame as No. 1 finish followed by aretained by final annealing in a controlled atmosphere furnace. 12.1.3 Bright Annealed FinishA bright cold-rolled finish12.1.4 TR Finish-Cold-worked to obtain specified proper-ties. 12.1.5 Polished Finish-Stainless steel strp is also avail-able in polished finishes such as Nos. 3 and 4 which are explained in Note 3. NotE 4Explanation of Strip Finishes: a fairly reflective surface depending largely upon position. This finish No. /Appearance of this finish varies from dull gray mate finish tois used for severely drawn or formed parts as well as for applications where the brighter No. 2 finish is not required such as parts for heatresistance. appearance of whch varies wih psition. This is a geeral purpose No. 2This finish has a smoother and more reflective surface thetrays and so forth. finish widely used for household and automotive trim tableware utensils Brighr Anealed FinishSee Note 3. TR FinishSee Note 3. 13. Finish for Plates 13.1 The types of finish available on plates are: TreafedScale not removed an intermediate finish. Use of 13.1.1 Hot-rolled or Cold-rolled and Annealed or Heatapplications. Scale impairs corrosion resistance. plates in this condition is generally confined to heat-resisting Treated and Blast Cleaned or PickledCondition and finish 13.1.2 Hot-rolled or Cold-rolled and Annealed or Heatmonly preferred for corrosion-resisting and most heat-resisting applications essentially a No. 1 finish. 13.1.3 Hot-rolled or Cold-rolled and Annealed or Heatgenerally No. 4 finish. Trected and Surface Cleaned cncd PolishedPolish finish is Treated and Descaled and Temper PassedSmoother finish 13.1.4 Hot-rolled or Cold-rolled and Annealed or Heatfor specialized applications. Treated and Descaled; and Coid-rolled and Annealed or Heat 13.1.5 Hot-rolled or Coild-rolled and Annealed or HeatTrected and Descaled and Optionally Temper Passed Smooth finish with greater freedom from surface imperfectionsthan in 13.1.4. 14. Edges for Cold-rolled Strip 14.1 The types of edges available on strip products are: 14.1.1 No. / EdgeA rolled edge either round or square asspecified. 14.1.2 No. 3 EdgeAn edge produced by slitting. 14.1.3 No. 5 EdgeAn approximatly square edge pro-duced by rolling or filing after slitting. 15. Heat Treatment 15.1 The heat treatments shown in this section are to befollowed unless otherwise specified in the applicable material specification. Heat treatment thermal cycles shall be separatethermal cycles are not permitted as a substitute for the separate from other thermal processing cycles; for example in-processannealing cycle. 15.2 Austeniric Tpes: 15.2.1 The austenitic types shall be annealed in accordancewith Table A1.2. cal property requirements of the applicable material specifica- 15.2.2 The material shall be annealed to meet the mechani-tion unless otherwise stated in the material specification. 15.2.3 Except as indicated in Table A1.2 Series 300 S32615 austenitic chromium-nickel stees when specified on XM-15 N08800 S30415 S30815 S31725 S31726 andthe purchase order shall be capable of meeting the test forresistance to intergranular corrosion specified in 18.2. 15.2.4 For grades stabilized with titanium or niobium referto Note 5. can impuir the resistance to intergranular corrosion after subsequent Nor: 5Solution-annealing temperatures above 1950 °F [1066 °C]exposure to sensitizing conditions in the stabilized grades types 309Cb 309HCb 310Cb 310HCh 316Ti 316Ch 321 32IH 347 347H 348 348H S21640 S31740 S33425 S35140 S35135 and S35125. When intergranular corrosion is of concem the purchaser should specify theuonos mdus m e sn u ! pd s menu corrosion test of 18.2 (to be conducted on sensitized specimens). The anneal or a stabilization anneal afer a high temperature solution anneal in order to meet corrosion test requirements. Consideration should be givento the cosive media before using a stabilztion aneal at les than 1800 “F [982 °C] as such treatment is not cqually effextive foe all media. treatment requirements shown in Table A1.2 differ as a 15.2.5 For the stabilized H types it is noted that the heatfunction of whether the material was cold worked or hotfinished. 15.2.6 The chromium-manganese-nickel types (201 202 XM-18 XM-19 XM-29 and XM-31) shall be solution an- S20103 S20400 S20153 S21800 S21640 XM-11 XM-17 nealed to meet the mechanical property requirements of the applicable material specification and to exhibit adequate resis-tance to intergranular corrosion (see 18.2). For S20161 theheat treatment is specified in Table A1.2. For S21640 see Note 5. content that can adversely affect resistance to intergranular 15.2.6.1 Note that some of these types contain high carboncorrosion. annealed in accordance with Table A1.2. 15.3 Duplex Types-The duplex types shall be solution 15.A Martensitic and Ferritic Types: S41045 S41050 S41500 S43932 S44400 S44537 S44635 15.4.1 The chromium steels (S32803 400 Series S40945 S44660 S44700 S44735 S44800 XM-27 and XM-33) shallments for mechanical and bending properties specified in the be heat treated in such a manner as to satisfy all the require-applicable material specification and (except for 400 Series S41050 and S41500) to provide for adequate resistance to 15.4.2 For S41500 heat to 1750 °F [955 °C] minimum airuu euondo ue 0 oud mo Jo [. 6] 00 0 [o03 d between 1050 °F and 1150 °F [566 °C and 621 °C]. 16. Number of Tests 16.1 Unless otherwise specified by the applicable materialpurchaser to perform a greater number of tests the following specification or by agreement between the seller and thenumber of tests are to be performed. 16.1.1 In the case of plate sheet and strip produced in coilform two or more hardness tests (one from each end of therequired; and one or more tension tests shall be made on coil); one bend test when required; one permeability test whenspecimens taken from each coil. If the hardness difference between the two ends of the coil exceds 5 HRB or equivalent or if the material is temper rolled tensile properties must be determined on both coil ends. 16.1.2 In the case of plate sheet or strip produced in cuttemper rolled (one tension test for single piece lots); one bend lengths one tension test; two tension tests if the material ismade on each 100 or less pieces of the same heat and nominal test when required and one or more hardness tests shall bewithin the same operating period either as a lot or continu- thickness rolled separately or continuously and heat treatedously. to describe a heat-treating operation in which one cut length follows Note 6The term continuusly as applied to beat treatmnt is meant
