AN INTERNATIONAL CODE 202l ASME Boiler & Pressure eVesselCode 2021EditionJuly 1, 2021
V NONDESTRUCTIVE EXAMINATION on Nondestructive Examination ASME Boiler and PressureVessel Committee
Mechanical Engineers The American Society of Two ParkAvenueNew York,NY10016USA
Date of Issuance: July 1, 2021 This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for padde e aau spueps eps euoenueay ue pe spepues euon ueay the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and - pe ue onlau eee nsnpu uo ndu nd eeo uoddoue sapud e u the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,* "certify," "rate,” or *endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. se paaudau aq o ou s nsnpu um paee (s)uosad ao [s]aapenuasaudau uale qeapaj Aq uogedae government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the es- tablished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. The endnotes and preamble in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.
3A
ASME Collective Membership Mark
IM ASME Single Certification Mark
ASME° and the above ASME symbols are registered trademarks of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers. slee pee Bugsa, og fapos ueuuy au Aq puaidoo pue paqstqnd suogegoads aL are reproduced with the Society's permission. opp ue u uoy fue u paonpoada aq feu uaumoop s go ued on retrieval system or otherwrise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Printed in the United States of America Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934 Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2021. The Armerican Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Copyright @ 2021 by All rights reserved
TABLEOFCONTENTS
List of Sections xxvi Foreword xxvil Statement of Policy on the Use of the ASME Single Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising xx Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items XXX Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees xxd Personnel xxxiv ASTM Personnel Iv Summary of Changes lvi List of Changes in Record Number Order1x Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code lxi Subsection A Nondestructive Methods of Examination1 Article 1 General Requirements1 T-110 Scope1 T-120 General1 T-130 Equipment T-150 Procedure2 T-160 Calibration3 T-170 Examinations and Inspections3 T-180 Evaluation3 T-190 Records/Documentation4 Mandatory Appendix 1 Glossary of Terms for Nondestructive Examination5 -110Scope5 I-120 General Requirements5 I-130 UT - UItrasonics26 Mandatory Appendix I1 Supplemental Personnel Qualification Requirements for NDE Certification27 II-110 Scope27 II-120 General Requirements27 Mandatory Appendix I1 Supplement A30 Mandatory Appendix II Exceptions and Additional Requirements for Use of ASNT SNT- TC-1A 2016 Edition31 III-110 Exceptions, Modifications, and Additions31 Mandatory Appendix IV Exceptions to ANS1/ASNT CP-189 2020 Edition37 IV-110 Introduction37 IV-120 Exceptions to ANSI/ASNT CP-18937 Nonmandatory Appendix A Imperfection vs Type of NDE Method68 A-11039 Article 2 Radiographic Examination41 T-210 Scope41 T-220 General Requirements41 T-230 Equipment and Materials42
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T-260 Calibration43 T-270 Examination43 T-280 Evaluation48 T-290 Documentation49 Mandatory Appendix 1 In-Motion Radiography50 I-210 Scope ..50 I-220 General Requirements -....-...50 I-260 Calibration50 1-270Examination50 Mandatory Appendix II Real-Time Radioscopic Examination ...52 II-210 Scope ...52 II-220 General Requirements 52 II-230 Equipment and Materials52 II-260 Calibration52 II-270 Examination53 II-280 Evaluation53 II-290 Documentation53 Mandatory Appendix III and Radioscopy54 III-210 Scope54 III-220 General Requirements54 III-230 Equipment and Materials54 III-250 Image Acquisition and Storage54 III-260 Calibration54 III-280 Evaluation54 III-290 Documentation55 Mandatory Appendix IV Interpretation, Evaluation, and Disposition of Radiographic and Radioscopic Examination Test Results Produced by the Digital Im...
AN INTERNATIONAL CODE 202l ASME Boiler & PressureVesselCode 2021EditionJuly 1, 2021
VIlI RULESFORCONSTRUCTION OFPRESSUREVESSELS
Division 1
on Pressure Vessels ASME Boiler and PressureVessel Committee
Mechanical Engineers The American Society of Two ParkAvenueNew York,NY10016USA
Date of Issuance: July 1, 2021 This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for padde e aau spueps eps euoenueay ue pe spepues euon ueay the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and - ment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,* "certify," "rate,” or *endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. se paaudau aq oou s nsnpu um paee (s)uosad o [s]apeuasaudau uale eapa q uopede government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the es- tablished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. The endnotes and preamble in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.
ASME Collective Membership Mark
IM ASME Single Certification Mark
ASME" and the above ASME symbols are registered trademarks of The American Society af Mechanical Engineers.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934 Printed in the United States of America Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2021. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Copyright @ 2021 by All rights reserved
TABLEOFCONTENTS
List of Sections xi Foreword XXXV Statement of Policy on the Use of the ASME Single Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising xxxvii Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items xxxvii Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees xxvin Personnel xli Summary of Changes lxil List of Changes in Record Number Order lxix Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code lxx Introduction1 U-1 Scope1 U-2 General3 U-3 Standards Referenced by This Division4 U-4 Units of Measurement4 U-5 Tolerances5 Subsection A General Requirements8 Part UG General Requirements for All Methods of Construction and All Materials8 UG-1 Scope -8
Materials8 UG-4 General8 UG-5 Plate9 UG-6 Forgings9 UG-7 Castings9 UG-8 Pipe and Tubes9 UG-9 Welding Materials10 UG-10 Material Identified With or Produced to a Specification Not Per- mitted by This Division, and Material Not Fully ldentified10 UG-11 Prefabricated or Preformed Pressure Parts Furmished Without a Certification Mark11 UG-12 Bolts and Studs13 UG-13 Nuts and Washers14 UG-14 sueg pue spoy14 UG-15 Product Specifiation14
Design15 UG-16 General15 UG-17 Methods of Fabrication in Combination-..15 UG-18 Materials in Combination16 UG-19 Special Constructions16 UG-20 Design Temperature16 UG-21 Design Pressure17 UG-22 Loadings17 UG-23 Maximum Allowable Stress Values17 UG-24 Castings19 UG-25 Corrosion20 UG-26 Linings20 UG-27 Thickness of Shells Under Internal Pressure20 UG-28 Thickness of Shells and Tubes Under Extermal Pressure21
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UG-29 Stiffening Rings for Cylindrical Shells Under External Pressure25 UG-30 Attachment of Stiffening Rings.............26 UG-31 Tubes, and Pipe When Used as Tubes or Shells30 UG-32 Formed Heads, and Sections, Pressure on Concave Side30 UG-33 Formed Heads, Pressure on Convex Side31 UG-34 Unstayed Flat Heads and Covers34 UG-35 Other Types of Closures88
Openings and Reinforcements39 UG-36 Openings in Pressure Vessels39 UG-37 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Shells and Formed Heads 42 UG-38 Flued Openings in Shells and Formed Heads46 UG-39 Reinforcement Required for Openings in Flat Heads and Covers46 UG-40 Limits of Reinforcement48 UG-41 Strength of Reinforcement51 UG-42 Reinforcement of Multiple Openings51 UG-43 Methods of Attachment of Pipe and Nozzle Necks to Vessel Walls53 UG-44 Flanges and...
ANINTERNATIONALCODE
2021ASMEBoiler& PressureVesselCode 2021EditionJuly 1, 2021
IX QUALIFICATIONSTANDARD FORWELDING,BRAZING,AND FUSINGPROCEDURES; WELDERS;BRAZERS;AND
WELDING,BRAZING,AND FUSINGOPERATORS ASME Boiler and Pressure Vessel Committee on Welding,Brazing,and Fusing
The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue New York, NY 10016 USA Date of ssuance: |uly 1, 2021 e aua sepe spad apn pdp sempps oapo s American National Standards and it is an American National Standard. The Standards Committee that approved the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from petent and concerned interests have had an puemau nd ee pe sempepues oapo pasod ded udo that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not aprove,certify,*rate, or”endorseany item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. Participation by federal agency representative[s] or person[s) afiliated with industry is not to be interpreted as government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. established ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the The endnotes and preamble in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.
ASME Collective Membership Marlc
ASME Single Certification Mark
“ASME”and theabove ASME symbols are registered trademarks of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers.
No part of this document may he reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher.
Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934 Printed in the United States of America Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2021. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
Copyright @ 2021 by THE AMERIGAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS All rights reserved
TABLEOFCONTENTS List of Sections Foreword xi Statement of Policy on the Use of the ASME Single Certification Mark and Code Authorization in Advertising xiv Statement of Policy on the Use of ASME Marking to Identify Manufactured Items xiv Submittal of Technical Inquiries to the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Standards Committees xv Personnel xvi Introduction xxxx Summary of Changes xlii List of Changes in Record Number Order xlvi Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code xlvii Part QG General Requirements ....1 QG-100 Scope ...1 QG-109 Definitions5 Part QW Welding15 ArticleI Welding General Requirements.15 QW-100 Scope....15 QW-110 Weld Orientation15 QW-120 Test Positions for Groove Welds15 QW-130 Test Positions for Fillet Welds 16 QW-140 Types and Purposes of Tests and Examinations17 QW-150 Tension Tests.17 QW-160 Guided-Bend Tests18 QW-170 Toughness Tests19 QW-180 Fillet-Weld Tests19 QW-190 Other Tests and Examinations 21 Article II Welding Procedure Qualifications29 QW-200 General29 QW-210 Preparation of Test Coupon32 QW-220 Hybrid Welding Procedure Variables35 QW-250 Welding Variables35 QW-290 Temper Bead Welding68
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Article II Welding Performance Qualifications72 QW-30072 QW-310 Qualification Test Coupons74 QW-320 Retests and Renewal of Qualification75 QW-350 Welding Variables for Welders76 QW-360 Welding Variables for Welding Operators QW-380 Special Processes .78 Article IV Welding Data81 QW-400 Variables.81
Technique.91 QW-420 saqnn-d96 QW-430 F-Numbers175 QW-440 Weld Metal Chemical Composition186 QW-450 Specimens187 QW-460 Graphics192 QW-470 Etching - Processes and Reagents233 Article V Standard Welding Procedure Specifications (SwPSs)235 QW-500 General235 QW-510 Adoption of SWPSs235 QW-520 Use of SWPSs Without Discrete Demonstration235 QW-530 Forms236 QW-540 Production Use of SWPSs236 Part QB Brazing237 Article XI Brazing General Requirements237 QB-100 Scope .237 QB-110 Braze Orientation QB-120 Test Positions for Lap, Butt, Scarf, or Rabbet Joints237 QB-140 Types and Purposes of Tests and Examinations238 QB-150 Tension Tests .....238 QB-160 Guided-Bend Tests 239 QB-170 Peel Tests240 QB-180 Sectioning Tests and Workmanship Coupons240
iv...
AN INTERNATIONAL CODE 2021 ASME Boiler & PressureVesselCode 2021EditionJuly 1, 2021
CODE CASES
BoilersandPressureVessels
Mechanical Engineers TheAmerican Societyof Two Park AvenueNew York,NY10016 USA
Date of Issuance: July 1, 2021 This international code or standard was developed under procedures accredited as meeting the criteria for padde e aau spueps eps euoenueay ue pe spepues euon ueay the code or standard was balanced to assure that individuals from petent and concerned interests have had an opportunity to participate. The proposed code or standard was made available for public review and - ment that provides an opportunity for additional public input from industry, academia, regulatory agencies, and the public-at-large. ASME does not “approve,* "certify," "rate,” or *endorse” any item, construction, proprietary device, or activity. ASME does not take any position with respect to the validity of any patent rights asserted in connection with any items mentioned in this document, and does not undertake to insure anyone utilizing a standard against liability for infringement of any applicable letters patent, nor assume any such liability. Users of a code or standard are expressly advised that determination of the validity of any such patent rights, and the risk of infringement of such rights, is entirely their own responsibility. se paaudau aq oou s nsnpu um paee (s)uosad o [s]apeuasaudau uale eapa q uopede government or industry endorsement of this code or standard. ASME accepts responsibility for only those interpretations of this document issued in accordance with the es- tablished ASME procedures and policies, which precludes the issuance of interpretations by individuals. The endnotes and preamble in this document (if any) are part of this American National Standard.
ASME Collective Membership Mark
IM ASME Single Certification Mark
ASME" and the above ASME symbols are registered trademarks of The American Society af Mechanical Engineers.
No part of this document may be reproduced in any form, in an electronic retrieval system or otherwise, without the prior written permission of the publisher. Library of Congress Catalog Card Number: 56-3934 Printed in the United States of America Adopted by the Council of The American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1914; latest edition 2021. The American Society of Mechanical Engineers Two Park Avenue, New York, NY 10016-5990
THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERS Copyright @ 2021 by All rights reserved
TABLEOFCONTENTS
List of Sections iv Summary of Changes vi List of Changes in Record Number Order vill Cross-Referencing and Stylistic Changes in the Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code ix Notes to Numeric Index x Numeric Index xi Subject Index xxi Index of Material Specifications Referred to in Cases xxxi
(21)LISTOFSECTIONS SECTIONS Rules for Construction of Power Boilers Materials • Part A - Ferrous Material Specifications • Part B - Nonferrous Material Specifications • Part C - Specifications for Welding Rods, Electrodes, and Filler Metals • Part D - Properties (Customary) • Part D - Properties (Metric) III Rules for Construction of Nuclear Facility Components • Subsection NCA - General Requirements for Division 1 and Division 2 •Division 1Appendices Subsection NB - Class 1 Components Subsection NCD - Class 2 and Class 3 Components* Subsection NE - Class MC Components Subsection NF - Supports Subsection NG -Core Support Structures Division 2 - Code for Concrete Containments Division 3 - Containment Systems for Transportation and Storage of Spent Nuclear Fuel and High-Level Radioactive Material • Division 5 - High Temperature Reactors AI Rules for Construction of Heating Boilers V Nondestructive Examination VI Remended Rules for the Care and Operation of Heating Boilers VIIRemended Guidelines for the Care of Power Boilers VIlI Rules for Construction of Pressure Vessels • Division 1 • Division 2 - Alternative Rules ▪ Division 3 - Alternative Rules for Construction of High Pressure Vessels IX Welding, Brazing, and Fusing Qualifications X Fiber-Reinforced Plastic Pressure Vessels XI Rules for Inservice Inspection of Nuclear Power Plant Components m ea seod ( a pe A suba ua Plants XIl Rules for Construction and Continued Service of Transport Tanks XIII Rules for Overpressure Protection Inth 1ditin, btio NC ad ha inrteditlication betiCD VCCD} lass ad Cass 3 Components
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INTERPRETATIONS Interpretations are issued in real time in ASME's Interpretations Database at go./nterpretations. His- torical BPVC interpretations may also be found in the Database. CODECASES The Boiler and Pressure Vessel Code mittees meet regularly to consider proposed additions and revisions to the Code and to formulate Cases to clarify the intent of existing requirements or provid, when theeed is urgent, ruls fr materials or constructions not covered by existing Code rules. Those Cases that have been adopted will appear in the appropriate 2021 Code Cases book: ...