施工技术 2012年7月上 70 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第41卷第368期 土压平衡盾构在砂卵石地层长距离穿越 河流施工关键技术 于跟社,王大海2,郑鹏武 (1.中国交通建设股份有限公司,北京100088:2.中交第一航务工程局有限公司,天津300042) 摘要】从盾构机的改造,浆液配比试验渣土改良等几个方面论述了土压平衡盾构隧道长距离穿越砂卵石地层并 穿越河流的施工技术。在试进阶段对盾构据进主要控制参数包括推进速度、刀盘推力、土仓压力、刀盘扭矩、刀 盘转速、注浆参数等进行了调整。在掘进过程中严格按照试据进阶段的参数执行。实施效果表明,完全达到了刀 盘刀具的耐磨性要求,保证了盾构机在砂卵石地层中长距离穿越河流的安全。 【关键词隧道工程;构;土压平衡盾构;卵石地层;据进参数注浆 中分类号TU761.5:U459.5 【文献标识码】A 文章编号】1002-8498(2012)13-0070-05 Construction Technology of Earth Pressure Balance Shield Crossing River for Long Distance in Sand Gravel Layer Yu Genshe ,Wang ,Zheng Pengwu ( .China Communications Construction Co .Lad .100088 ,China : 2 .CCCC First Harbor Engineering ..Tianjin 300042 ,China ) Abstract :Construction Technology for Balanced Shield Crossing River for Long in Sand Grarel Stratum The authors addressed the construction technology for balanced earth pressure shield crossing river for long distance in sand gravel stratum with respect to shield machine transformation ,slurry mix proportion ,muck improvement ,etc .The main control parameters of shield construction in the initial testing phase includes advancing speed ,cutter head speed ,thrust and torque of cutter head ,earth pressure and s...
工技术 2012年4月下 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第41卷第363期 土压平衡盾构土仓压力设定与控制方法探讨 杨永强 中铁一局集团城市轨道交通工程有限公司陕西西安710054) 摘要】利用现有的土力学理论,对土压平衡盾构推进与停机两种状态下开挖面前方土压力与土仓内土压力类型 进行了分析。通过理论计算和分析,提出了根据开挖面前方地层的地质条件和沉降要求等进行土仓压力设定的方 法指出了当土仓内土体与开挖面前方土体基本一致时,土仓压力很难与开挖面前方土压力基本相同通过理论 分析,提出了土仓压力控制的方法,以及采取土仓内土体改良注人泡沫或高压气体形成气压严格控制出土量等 控制土仓压力的技术措施。 【关键词】隧道盾构土压平衡盾构;土仓压力设定控制 【中图分类号]U455 文献标识码】A 【文章编号】1002-8498(2012)08-0022-05 Study on the Method of Setting and Control Earth Pressure in the Earth Pressure Balance Shield Yang Yongqiang ( TrackTraffic Engineering Co .Lid .of China Railway No .I Group ,Xi'an ,710054 ,China ) Abstract :Using the existing soil mechanics theory ,the type of earth pressure between in front of excavation face and in soil warehouse is analyzed when the EPBM is working or out of service .By theoretical calculation and analysis ,the method is put forward that how to set pressure in soil warehouse according to the geological conditions in front of excavation face and sedimentation requirements .It is also pointed out that when the soil inside of warehouse is consistent with that in front of excavation face ,earth pressure soil warehouse is difficult to equal to earth pressure in front of excav...
2014年5月上 工技术 第43卷第9期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 127 o:10.7672/sgjs2014090127 土压平衡盾构全断面硬岩施工技术 闫建诚 (中国中铁一局集团有限公司,陕西西安710054 摘要]盾构隧道开挖断面范围为硬岩地层时存在盾构掘进速度慢、盾构姿态控制难度大、设备及刀具磨损严重 且刀具更换频繁等问题。结合实际工程,介绍了盾构选型、掘进模式选择、盾构掘进参数和盾构姿态控制、刀具管 理等关键措施,确保盾构安全顺利推进 [关键词]隧道工程盾构全断面砂层;渣土改良;沉降 中图分类号]U455.3 [文献标识码]A [文章编号]1002-8498(2014)09-0127-04 Construction Technology of Earth Pressure Balance Shield in the Whole Section Hard Rock Layer Yan Jiancheng China Railway First Group Co .Ltd .Xi'an ,Shaanxi 710054 ,China ) Abstract :There are some difficulties when tunnel section locating in weathered hard rock stratum such as slow tunneling speed ,difficulties in controlling shield posture ,equipment and serious tool wearing and frequent tools replacing .Based on actual project ,key measures are introduced to ensure the safety and successful shield construction including choosing the reasonable selection shield and driving mode strictly controlling of shield tunneling parameters and shield posture ,and strengthening shield tools management Key words :tunnels ;shields ;whole section sand layer ;soil amelioration ;settlement 1工程概况 2.1选型原则 某盾构区间岩石地质条件复杂,既有极为松软 隧道穿越范围围岩强度、裂隙发育程度和地下 的淤泥质土、砂层,又有坚硬的微风化混合岩、辉绿 水含量等地质...
2012年1月上 施工技术 第41卷第356期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 土压平衡盾构全断面砂层施工关键技术 杨永强 (中国中铁一局集团城市轨道交通工程有限公司,陕西西安710054) 摘要]砂层中细颗粒成分少,砂层具有黏聚力小、内摩擦角大、渗透系数大、稳定性差以及密度大等特点,土压平 衡盾构在全断面砂层掘进时存在掘进参数不协调、土压平衡掘进模式难以建立、设备磨损严重以及沉降难以控制 等技术问题,分析认为,砂层的物理力学性质是盾构掘进困难的主因,采用工程试验、理论分析和实践应用相结合 的方法,对注人膨润土泥浆为主、辅以注入泡沫进行土改良和沉降控制等施工关键技术进行了研究和工程实践, 取得了较好的效果,并对施工经验进行了总结。 关键词]隧道工程;盾构;全断面砂层;碴土改良;沉降;施工技术 中图分类号]U455.43 文献标识码] [文章编号】1002-8498(2012)01-0069-06 Key Construction Techniques of Earth Pressure Balance Shield in the Whole Section Sand Layer Yang Yongqiang ( TrackTraffic Engineering Co ., of China Railway No .1 Group ,Xi' an ,Shaanxi 710054 ,China ) Abstract :Because sand layer in less fine particles ,possesses cohesion small ,big internal friction angle the high permeability coefficient ,poor stability and big density and other characteristics ,there are technical problems like driving parameters incoordination ,earth pressure balance tunneling mode difficult to build ,equipment badly worn and settlement difficult to control when earth pressure balance shield tunnelings in the whole section sand layer Considering that the physical and mechanical properties of sand layer is the main reason for the shield tunneling ...
工技术 2015年10月上 78 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第44卷第19期 do:10.7672/sgjs2015190078 土体滑移对被动加载型锚杆的影响分析* 张伟王政程佳佳 (1.河南科技大学土木工程学院,河南洛阳471023;2.天津大学管理与经济学部,天津300073) 摘要]以被动加载型锚杆为研究对象,建立了关于锚杆和土壤的力学模型,研究了土体滑移对锚杆造成的影响。 用ANSYS 对选取的锚杆和足够大区域土体进行分析,采用弹簧单元Spring -damperl 14来模拟外界土体和该区域之 间的联系,并选取Drucker -Prager 材料模型来描述土体的本构关系研究结果表明,当锚杆受到沿锚杆垂线方向移 动的土体作用时,位移变形是不均匀的,最大位移变形处在杆的端部;应力分布沿杆长方向也是不均匀的,锚杆在 靠近端部位置剪应力达到最大值。 关键词]土体滑移锚杆被动加载模拟分析 [中图分类号]TD353.6 [文献标识码]A [文章编号】1002-8498(2015)19-0078-03 Analysis on the Influence of Soil Slip on Passive Loading Anchor Zhang ,Wang Zheng' ,Cheng Jiajia ( 1.School of Ciril Engineering ,He' nan Unirersity of Science and Technology ,Luoyang ,He'nan 471023 ,China : 2 .College of Management and Economics ,Tianjin Unirersity ,Tianjin 300073 ,China ) Abstract :This paper aimed to study passive loading anchor ,mechanical models of anchors and soil were established .The influence of soil slip on anchors was studied .ANSYS software was selected to analyze anchors and large enough area soil ,Spring-damperl4 element was used to simulate connections between outside soil and this area .Drucker-Prager material model was used to describe constitutive relation of soil .The results sho...
工技术 2015年4月上 102 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第44卷第7期 do:10.7672/sgjs2015070102 土中无轴宽型螺旋带现场拉力试验研究 卢清国,曹元义 (北京工业大学建筑工程学院,北京100124) 摘要]针对在土中隧道掘进机前方布置多个无轴宽型螺旋器向土中旋入,螺旋旋入后产生的牵拉力使整个掘进 机前行的原理,制作了采用无轴宽型螺旋带方式牵拉前行的土中自行走式隧道掘进机,并进行了现场拉力试验研 究。通过理论分析计算,参照前期小型螺旋试验结果,通过在现场的掘进样机的牵拉试验,分析并得出了无轴宽型 螺旋带在掘进样机前行中可提供的拉力,为螺旋牵拉结构的选型和自行走式隧道掘进机的进一步开发和应用提供 参考依据。 [关键词]隧道工程;自行走式掘进机:无轴宽型螺旋带;螺旋牵拉;试验 中图分类号]U455.44 文献标识码]A 文章编号1002-8498(2015)07-0102-03 The Tension Research of Shaftless Wide Type Spiral Band in Soil Lu Qingguo ,Cao Yuanyi ( TheCollege of Architecture and Engineering ,Beijing University of Technology ,Beijing 100124 ,China ) Abstract :This paper aimed at the several wide type spirals without shaft placed in front of the tunnel boring machine ,which could provide pulling force and drive the whole machine forward when screwed in soil .The authors produced the self-propelled tunnel boring machine driven by wide type spiral band without shaft and did the field pull test .Through theoretical analysis ,refering to the pull test of small spiral earlier ,and the field pull test of boring machine ,the authors get the pulling force provided by wide type spiral band without shaft .Finally ,they get the select...
粉煤灰综合利用 2010no.6 FLY ASH COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION 回弹法检测高强混凝土强度回归方程的比较* Regression Equations Comparison of Rebound Method Testing Strength for High-strength Concrete 边智慧,陈朝阳,赵士永,戴占彪2 (.河北省建筑科学研究院,石家庄0500212.河北建研科技有限公司,石家庄050021) 要:介绍了回弹法检测C50以上高强混凝土强度的试验研究过程,总结认为回弹法检测高强混凝土强度是可行 的,并通过多个回归方程式进行试算比较,取精度高者作为绘制测强曲线的依据 关键词:回弹法高强混凝土:检测测强曲线;回归方程 中图分类号:TU522 文献标识码:A文章编号:1005-8249(2010)060006-03 Bian Zhihui' ,Chen Zhaoyang' ,Zhao Shiyong' ,Dai Zhanbiao ( 1.Hebei Academy of Building Research ,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050021 2 .Hebei Building Research Engineering Co ,Itd ,Shijiazhuang Hebei 050021 ) Abstract :The paper introduces the experiment study of rebound method testing strength for high-strength concrete above 50MPa .It is concluded that the rebound method feasible to test high-strength concrete strength .By paring several regression equations and pilot calculation ,the precision higher is the basis for strength curvea . Key words :rebound method :high-strength conerete :teating :strength curves ;regresaion equation 回弹法是用一个弹簧驱动的重锤,通过弹击杆 回弹仪器:在回弹试验中发现采用原标准回弹仪 (传力杆)弹击混凝土表面,并测出重锤被反弹回来的 (2.207J)对高强混凝土进行回弹试验,回弹值与混凝 距离,以回弹值(反弹距离与弹簧初始长度之比)作为 土强度之间离散性很大,针对这种情况我们采用中国 与强度相关的指标,来推定混凝土强度的一种方法。 ...
2013年10月下 施工技术 第42卷第20期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY oI:10.7672/sgjs2013200021 唐山火车站大型悬挑钢结构吊装技术 姜贵军 (中铁电气化局集团北京建筑工程有限公司,北京100039) 【摘要]唐山火车站站房采用悬挑结构,是目前我国铁路项目设计的第1个大型悬挑结构工程。针对大型铁路客 运站房的设计和施工特点,以唐山火车站悬挑屋盖的吊装为实例,介绍了悬挑结构的施工流程和技术难点,并对结 构进行现场实时模拟分析,为确保大型悬挑结构吊装安全提供了科学依据。实践表明,整套方案切实可行、高效安 全,满足大跨度悬挑结构的安装要求。 关键词]钢结构;站房;大跨度;悬挑结构;施工技术 中图分类号]TU7581 文献标识码A 文章编号】1002-8498(2013)20-0021-04 Hoisting Technology of Large Cantilever Steel Structure in Tangshan Railroad Station Jiang Guijun China Railway Electrification Bureau Group Beijing Building Engineering Company ,Beijing 100039 ,China ) Abstract :Tangshan Railroad Station building is the first large cantilever structure used in domestic station currently .Based on design and construction features of large-scale railroad passenger station building the construction process and technical difficulties of Tangshan Railroad Station are introduced Construction simulation analysis was done on the structure to provide science basis to ensure the safety during the hoisting of large cantilever structure .The practice shows that the method is feasible and efficient ,and it can meet the requirement of installation of large-span cantilever structure . Key ...
拖工技术 2016年5月下 26 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第45卷第10期 doi:10.7672/sgjs2016100026 唐山勒泰中心大跨度屋面单层网壳施工方案优选 高明德 (中铁城建集团北京工程有限公司,北京100024) 摘要]对大跨度屋面单层网壳提出了整体提升和分块提升两种网壳安装方案,利用MIDAS EN有限元软件建立 网壳屋面施工全过程仿真模型,得到不同方案下结构的力学响应,从质量控制、施工过程中结构受力等方面对比得 到两种安装方案优缺点及适用性,最终确定整体提升方案为该工程采用,圆满地解决了工程难题,保证了工程进度 及质量。 关键词]钢结构单层网壳MIDAS /GEN;施工全过程;仿真 [中图分类号]TU758.11 [文献标识码]A 文章编号]1002-8498(2016)10-0026-04 Construction Schemes Selection of Single Layer Lattice Shell in Tangshan Letai Center Gao Mingde Beijing Engineering Company Limited of China Urban Construction Group ,100024 ,China ) Abstract :Two construction schemes of single layer lattice shell in Tangshan Letai Center were proposed namely integral elevating method and partitioning installation method .The simulation model of shell roof construction was establish with MIDAS /GEN,to obtain mechanical response of the structure under different scenarios .Two construction schemes were pared in terms of construction quality ,mechanical status in construction process ,advantages and disadvantages and applicability were given .Integral elevating method was adopted for the project with engineering problems solved ,and met the project schedule and quality ...
施工技术 2011年10月下 50 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY 第40卷第351期 唐家山隧道围岩变形规律探讨 周泽林,陈寿根,段运启 (西南交通大学土木工程学院,四川成都610031) 【摘要】唐家山隧道位于构造地震断裂带,地质水文条件复杂,岩性及构造产状变化大,受“5.12”汶川地展的影响, 含水破碎软岩变形比较突出对施工中围岩变形控制要求较高现场通过监控量测结合数值分析探讨了隧道穿 越软弱破碎岩层下围岩非线性变形特性,确定了隧道二次衬砌支护合理距离和时机,总结了唐家山软弱围岩变形 特点。 关键词]隧道工程;变形控制;监测;开挖 中图分类号]U459.2 文献标识码】A 文章编号】1002-8498(2011)20-0050-03 Study on Settlement Rules of Surrounding Rock in Tangjiashan Tunnel Zhou Zelin ,Chen Shougen ,Duan ( Schoolof Civil Engineering ,Southwest Jiaotong University ,Chengdu ,Sichuan 610031 ,China ) Abstract :Tangjiashan tunnel located at structural earthquake zones .The geology hydrological conditions of the tunnel is plex .Influenced by the Wenchuan earthquake on May 12 ,2008 ,the deformation of aquifer broken soft rock is obvious ,so the deformation control of surrounding rock in the construction has strict requirements .Through the site monitoring bining with the numerical analysis ,the nonlinear deformation regularity of surrounding rock in broken rock tunnel are studied to decide the reasonable supporting time and distance of second support .The deformation characteristics of surrounding rock of Tangjiashan tunnel is summarized . Key words :...
粉煤灰综合利用 2011No.5 FLY ASH COMPREHENSIVE UTILIZATION 专题研究 减水剂对C80PHC混凝土拉/压比的影响研究 Study on the Influces of Water-reducing Admixture on C80PHC Concrete Tension and Compression Ratio 何燕,张雄,张永娟 (同济大学材料科学与工程学院建筑材料研究所,上海201804) 摘要:以管桩生产配合比为基本参照,分别研究了萘系、聚羧酸、氨基磺酸盐和磺化丙酮等4种减水剂对C80PHC 混凝土抗压强度、劈裂抗拉强度,拉/压比以及密实性的影响。研究结果表明:不同品种减水剂对混凝土力学强度以及密 实性影响不同,其中掺磺化丙酮混凝土脱模强度较高而聚羧酸较低,掺聚羧酸混凝土拉/压比较大而磺化丙酮较小,掺 聚羧酸混凝土密实性较好;随着减水剂掺量的增加,混凝土的抗压强度提高;随着出釜放置时间的延长,劈裂抗拉强度提 高抗折强度提高拉压比增大。 关键词:减水剂;力学性能;拉/压比;吸水动力学参数;电通量 中图分类号:TU528.042*.2 文献标识码:A 文章编号:1005-8249(2011)05-0014-05 He Yan ,Zhang Xiong ,Zhang Yong-juan ( BuildingMaterial Institute ,School of Materials Science and Engineering ,Tongji University ,Shanghai 201804 ,China ) Abstract :On the basis of the ratio of pipe production line ,the effects of four different kinds of admixtures were studied ,by measuring the pressive strength ,splitting tensile strength ,tension and pression ratio and Conpactness of C8OPHC Conrete .The four admixtures are naphthalene ,polyethylene ,sulfonated acid and acetone sulphamate .The results show that the effects on mechanical strength and pactness differs with different kinds of admixtures .Concrete mixed with acetone sulphamat...
2014年7月下 施工技术 第43卷第14期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY o:10.7672/sgj2014140155 万郡·大都城钢结构住宅绿色施工技术 陈芳,方鸿强,王彦超 (浙江杭萧钢构股份有限公司,浙江杭州310003) 摘要]通过对万郡大都城钢结构住宅的绿色建筑设计理念及钢结构住宅全生命周期评价的阐述和分析,论证钢 结构住宅具有抗震性能好、产业化率高、施工周期短、得房面积多、建筑垃圾及粉尘排放少的特点,可真正实现节 材、节地、节能、节水,达到节能环保和可持续发展的目标,给人们营造更舒适、安全的生活空间。 关键词]钢结构;住宅;绿色建筑;全生命周期;评价 中图分类号]TU741 [文献标识码】A 文章编号1002-8498(2014)14-0155-04 Green Construction of Steel Structure Residence of Wanjun Large Capital Chen Fang ,Fang Hongqiang ,Wang Yanchao ( ZhejiangHangxiao Group Steel Structure Co .Ltd .Hangzhou ,Zhejiang 310003 ,China ) Abstract :Through the green energy-saving residence of Wanjun Large Capital ,from steel residential green building design ,structural steel housing and features life cycle assessment and other aspects of the characteristics of Wanjun Large Capital of the project are described and analyzed .Steel structure residence has characteristics of good seismic performance ,industrialization rate ,short construction period ,room size ,less construction waste and dust emissions ,which can get real materials ,land energy ,water saving and aim to sustainable development objectives .It can supply the people with more fortable and secure living space ...
2015年4月下 施工技术 第44卷第8期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY do:10.7672/sgjs2015080009 万达茂滑雪乐园西区钢结构提升施工关键技术 贾尚瑞,邢遵胜,豆德胜,王强强 (浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司,浙江绍兴312030) 摘要]哈尔滨万达茂滑雪乐园西区钢结构工程,施工中采用了地面原位拼装、分块提升的安装方法。通过该工程 系统地分析了其提升施工方案的选择,详细介绍了提升施工中的关键技术,尤其是提升水平控制系统,此技术目前 为国内首次应用于提升施工中,经济效益显著。同时也较全面地说明了有限元仿真分析的重要性及其在本工程中 的应用。 关键词]钢结构提升;施工;控制系统;有限元分析 中图分类号]TU758 文献标识码】A [文章编号]1002-8498(2015)08-0009-04 Research on Lifting Technology for the Western Steel Construction District of Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise Jia Shangrui ,Xing Zunsheng ,Dou Desheng ,Wang Qiangqiang Zhejiang Jinggong Steel Building Group )Co ..Shaoxing ,Zhejiang 312030 ,China ) Abstract :Ground-situ assembly and block-lifting installation method is adopted in western steel construction zone of Harbin Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise .This paper systematically introduces its choice of lifting construction programs ,and analyzes the key technology of lifting construction in detail ,in particular ,the level control system ,which is the first time to apply in the lifting construction domestically ;also its economic efficiency is remarkable .Moreover ,the paper fully illustrates the importance the simulation analysis in construction process and the applicati...
2015年4月下 工技术 第44卷第8期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY DoI:10.7672/sgjs2015080013 万达茂滑雪乐园中西区钢结构提升支撑系统设计 豆德胜,邢遵胜,贾尚瑞,王强强 (浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司,浙江绍兴312030) 摘要]哈尔滨万达茂滑雪乐园项目设计为世界最大的室内滑雪场,滑雪场分中、西、东3个区,其中中西区为门形 空间网格结构,主屋盖采取“分区提升”的施工方法进行安装,提升架最高达56m,主要对此工程的提升支撑系统的 设计进行了详细说明,并指出复杂混凝土条件下超高提升架的设计,提升架和底部混凝土梁的变形协调以及设置 合理的混凝土加固措施等关键点。 关键词]钢结构;提升;支撑;设计;混凝土;加固 中图分类号】TU758;TU32 文献标识码]A 文章编号】1002-8498(2015)08-0013-04 Design of Support System for Steel Structure Lifting in Central and Western District of Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise Dou Desheng ,Xing Zunsheng ,Jia Shangrui ,Wang Qiangqiang Zhejiang Jinggong Steel Building Group )Co ..Shaoxing ,Zhejiang 312030 ,China ) Abstract :Harbin Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise is designed as the largest indoor skiing field in the world The skiing field has central ,western and eastern districts .The central and western districts are portal space lattice structure and the main roof cover applies method of " liftingsection by section "for installation .The highest elevation is 100m and the highest lifting frame is 56m high .The paper mainly describes the design of support system for lifting in details and points out the design for super-high lifting frame in the conditions of ...
2015年4月下 施工技术 第44卷第8期 CONSTRUCTION TECHNOLOGY doi:10.7672/sgjs2015080001 万达茂滑雪乐园中西区钢结构工程施工方案比选 邢遵胜,王强强,豆德胜,贾尚瑞,邹航 (浙江精工钢结构集团有限公司,浙江绍兴312030) 【摘要]钢结构工程施工方案的选择,需要综合考虑工程结构特点、结构构成、场地条件、工期要求、结构和构件尺 寸大小周边建筑条件、各专业交叉配合等因素,结合不同施工方法的施工难度、施工效率、投入人力物力成本大小 和施工安全性等因素,经详细比选后,综合确定。以哈尔滨万达茂滑雪乐园中西区钢结构工程为例,说明该工程施 工方案分析、对比和细化创新的过程。 [关键词钢结构;施工;提升;分段;方案比选 中图分类号]TU758 [文献标识码]A 文章编号】1002-8498(2015)08-0001-04 Construction Scheme Comparison for Central and Western Steel Structures of Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise Xing Zunsheng ,Wang Qiangqiang ,Dou Desheng ,Jia Shangrui ,Zou Hang Zhejiang Jinggong Steel Building Group )Co .,.Shaoxing ,Zhejiang 312030 ,China ) Abstract :It shall prehensively consider the structural characteristics ,structural constitution ,site conditions ,construction period ,structural ponents dimension ,surrounding buildings ,and collaboration with other trades for concurrent works when choosing construction scheme .To determine using a construction scheme ,it shall pare specifically the construction difficulty ,construction efficiency ,manpower and material resources input ,and construction safety .Taking the Wanda Mall Skiing Paradise central and western steel structure pr...