Standard Method of Test for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt Binder (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test) AASHTO Designation:T 240-211 Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:2b Liquid Asphalt ASTM Designation:D2872-04 AASHO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Method of Test for Effect of Heat and Air on a Moving Film of Asphalt Binder (Rolling Thin-Film Oven Test) AASHTO Designation:T 240-211 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:2b Liquid Asphalt ASTM Designation:D2872-04 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test is used to measure the effect of heat and air on a moving film of asphalt binder and to provide residue for additional testing.The effects of this treatment are determined from measurements of the properties of the asphalt binder before and after the test. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.3. This standard may involve hazardous materials operations and equipment.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.4. The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the petence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability calibration and maintenance of the equipment used.Agencies that meet the criteria of R 18 are generally considered capable of petent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc.Users of this standard are cautioned that pliance with R 18 alone does not pletely assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors;following the suggestions of R 18 or some similar acceptable guideline provides a means of evaluating and controlling some of those factors. 2. REFERENCED DOCU...
Standard Method of Test for The California Bearing Ratio AASHTO Designation:T 193-13(2021) Technically Revised:2013 Reviewed but Not Updated:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1a Soil and Unbound Recycled Materials AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington DC 20004 Standard Method of Test for The California Bearing Ratio AASHTO Designation:T 193-13(2021) AASHIO Technically Revised:2013 Reviewed but Not Updated:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1a Soil and Unbound Recycled Materials 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test method covers the determination of the California Bearing Ratio (CBR)of pavement subgrade subbase and base/course materials from laboratory pacted specimens.The test method is primarily intended for but not limited to evaluating the strength of cohesive materials having maximum particle sizes less than 19 mm (/4 in.). 1.2. When materials having maximum particle sizes greater than 19 mm (/4 in.)are to be tested this test method provides for modifying the gradation of the material so that the material used for tests all passes the 19.0-mm (3/4-in.)sieve while the total gravel 4.75-mm (No.4)to 75-mm(3-in.) fraction remains the same.While traditionally this method of specimen preparation has been used to avoid the error inherent in testing materials containing large particles in the CBR test apparatus the modified material may have significantly different strength properties than the original material.However a large experience base has developed using this test method for materials for which the gradation has been modified and satisfactory design methods are in use based on the results of tests using this procedure. 1.3. Past practice has shown that CBR results for those materials having substantial percentages of particles retained on the 4.75-mm (No.4)sieve are more variable than for finer materials. Consequently more trials may be required for these mat...
Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 4.54-kg (10-lb)Rammer and a 457-mm (18-in.)Drop AASHTO Designation:T 180-21 Technically Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1b Geotechnical Exploration Instrumentation Stabilization and Field Testing AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Method of Test for Moisture-Density Relations of Soils Using a 4.54-kg (10-lb)Rammer and a 457-mm (18-in.)Drop AASHTO Designation:T 180-21 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1b Geotechnical Exploration Instrumentation Stabilization and Field Testing 1. SCOPE 1.1. This method of test is intended for determining the relationship between the moisture content and density of soils when pacted in a given mold of a given size with a 4.54-kg (10-1b)rammer dropped from a height of 457 mm (18 in.).Four alternate procedures are provided as follows: ■Method A-A101.60-mm(4-in.)mold:Soil material passing a4.75-mm(No.4)sieve(see Sections 4 and 5); ■Method B-A152.40-mm(6-in.)mold:Soil material passing a4.75-mm(No.4)sieve(see Sections 6 and 7); ■Method C-A101.60-mm(4-in.)mold:Soil material passing a19.0-mm(0.75-in.)sieve(see Sections 8 and 9);or ■ Method D-A 152.40-mm (6-in.)mold:Soil material passing a 19.0-mm (0.75-in.)sieve(see Sections 10 and 11). 1.2. The method to be used should be indicated in the specifications for the material being tested.If no method is specified the provisions of Method A shall govern. 1.3. This test method applies to soil mixtures that have 40 percent or less retained on the 4.75-mm (No.4)sieve when Method A or B is used and 30 percent or less retained on the 19.0-mm (0.75-in.)sieve when Method C or D is used.Material retained on these sieves shall be defined as oversize particles (coarse particles). 1.4. If the test specimen contains oversized particles dry density and moisture corrections must be made in accordance with Annex A1...
Standard Method of Test for Bulk Specific Gravity (Gmb)of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Saturated Surface-Dry Specimens AASHTO Designation:T 166-21 Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:2c Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Method of Test for Bulk Specific Gravity (Gmb)of Compacted Asphalt Mixtures Using Saturated Surface-Dry Specimens AASHTO Designation:T 166-21 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:2c Asphalt-Aggregate Mixtures 1. SCOPE 1.1. This method of test covers the determination of bulk specific gravity (Gmb)of specimens of pacted asphalt mixtures. 1.2. This method should not be used with specimens that contain open or interconnecting voids or absorb more than 2.0 percent of water by volume as determined in Sections 7.2 or 10.2 herein.If the specimen contains open or interconnecting voids or absorbs more than 2.0 percent of water by volume then T 275 or T 331 should be used. 1.3. The bulk specific gravity (Gm)of the pacted asphalt mixture may be used in calculating the unit mass of the mixture. Note 1-The values for bulk specific gravity (Gm)obtained from T 275 or T 331 may differ. Care should be exercised when paring test results from T 275 and T 331. 1.4. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 1.5. This standard may involve hazardous materials operations and equipment.This standard does not purport to address all the safety concerns if any associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. 1.6. The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the petence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability calibration and maintenance of ...
Standard Method of Test for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregate AASHTO Designation:T 112-21 Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1c Aggregates AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Method of Test for Clay Lumps and Friable Particles in Aggregate AASHTO Designation:T 112-21 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:1c Aggregates 1. SCOPE 1.1. This method covers the approximate determination of clay lumps and friable particles in aggregates.This method is intended for evaluating aggregates that are nominally smaller than 2 in. Note 1-It is intended that this procedure will be conducted concurrently with T27 when results from both procedures are desired.If that option is elected additional sieves to those required in Section 6.3 will need to be incorporated;however all of the material passing the 4.75 mm (No.4) sieve at the pletion of initial sieving and separation will be rebined prior to continuation of this procedure. 1.2. This standard may involve hazardous materials operations and equipment.This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to consult and establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to its use. 1.3. The quality of the results produced by this standard are dependent on the petence of the personnel performing the procedure and the capability calibration and maintenance of the equipment used.Agencies that meet the criteria of R 18 are generally considered capable of petent and objective testing/sampling/inspection/etc.Users of this standard are cautioned that pliance with R 18 alone does not pletely assure reliable results.Reliable results depend on many factors;following the suggestions of R 1...
Standard Method of Test for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Using 50-mm or 2-in.Cube Specimens) AASHTO Designation:T 106M/T 106-21 Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:3a Hydraulic Cement and Lime ASTM Designation:C109/C109M-21 AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington DC 20004 Standard Method of Test for Compressive Strength of Hydraulic Cement Mortar (Using 50-mm or 2-in.Cube Specimens) AASHTO Designation:T 106M/T 106-21 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Editorially Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:3a Hydraulic Cement and Lime ASTM Designation:C109/C109M-21 1. SCOPE 1.1. This test method covers determination of the pressive strength of hydraulic cement mortar using 50-mm [or 2-in.cube specimens (see Note 1). Note 1-ASTM C349 provides an alternative procedure for this determination (not to be used for acceptance tests). 1.2. This test method covers the application of the test using either inch-pound or SI units.The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.3. Values in SI units shall be obtained by measurement in SI units or by appropriate conversion using the Rules for Conversion and Rebounding given in Standard IEEE/ASTM SI 10 of measurements made in other units. 1.4. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns if any associated with its use.It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning-Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause che...
Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field AASHTO Designation:R 100-211 2 Reclassified with Revisions:2021 Technical Submittee:3b Fresh Concrete ASTM Designation:C31-15a AASHO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Practice for Making and Curing Concrete Test Specimens in the Field AASHTO Designation:R 100-211.2 AASHIO Reclassified with Revisions:2021 Technical Submittee:3b Fresh Concrete ASTM Designation:C31-15a 1. SCOPE 1.1. This practice covers procedures for making and curing cylinder and beam specimens from representative samples of fresh concrete for a construction project. 1.2. The concrete used to make the molded specimens shall be sampled after all on-site adjustments have been made to the mixture proportions including the addition of mix water and admixtures. This practice is not satisfactory for making specimens from concrete not having measurable slump or requiring other sizes or shapes of specimens. 1.3. The values stated in SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard.The values stated in each system may not be exact equivalents;therefore each system shall be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the standard. 1.4. This standard does not purport to address all of the safety concerns if any associated with its use. It is the responsibility of the user of this standard to establish appropriate safety and health practices and determine the applicability of regulatory limitations prior to use. Warning-Fresh hydraulic cementitious mixtures are caustic and may cause chemical burns to exposed skin and tissue upon prolonged exposure. 1.5. The text of this standard references notes that provide explanatory material.These notes shall not be considered as requirements of the standard. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: ■M195 Lightweigh...
Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type) AASHTO Designation:M 82-17(2021) Technically Revised:2017 Reviewed but Not Updated:2021 Technical Submittee:2a Emulsified Asphalts AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington DC 20004 Standard Specification for Cutback Asphalt (Medium-Curing Type) AASHTO Designation:M 82-17(2021) AASHIO Technically Revised:2017 Reviewed but Not Updated:2021 Technical Submittee:2a Emulsified Asphalts 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers liquid petroleum products produced by fluxing an asphalt base with suitable petroleum distillates to be used in the treatment of road surfaces. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 2. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS 2.1. The cutback asphalt shall show no separation or curdling prior to use and shall not foam when heated to the application temperature. 3. PROPERTIES 3.1. Cutback asphalt of the grade designated shall conform to the requirements shown in Table 1. 4. METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING 4.1. Sampling and testing cutback asphalt (medium-curing type)shall be in accordance with the following AASHTO and ASTM standards: ■R66 Sampling Asphalt Materials ■T44 Solubility of Bituminous Materials ■T49 Penetration of Bituminous Materials ■T51 Ductility of Asphalt Materials ■T72 Saybolt Viscosity ■T78 Distillation of Cutback Asphalt Products T 79 Flash Point with Tag Open-Cup Apparatus for Use with Material Having a Flash Point Less Than 93C(200F) ■T102 Spot Test of Asphaltic Materials ■T20l Kinematic Viscosity of Asphalts(Bitumens) ■T202 Viscosity of Asphalts by Vacuum Capillary Viseter ■ASTM D5 Standard Test Method for Water in Petroleum Products and Bituminous Materials by Distillation TS-2a M82-1 AASHTO 2021 by the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials. All rights reserved.Duplication is a violation of applicable law. Table 1-Minimum and Maximum Cutback Asp...
STANDARD SPECIFICATIONS for TRANSPORTATION MATERIALS and METHODS OF SAMPLING AND TESTING and PROVISIONAL STANDARDS 41ST EDITION (JULY2021) PART 1:SPECIFICATIONS AND PRACTICES PART 2:TEST METHODS PART 3:PROVISIONAL STANDARDS Adopted by the AMERICAN ASSOCIATION OF STATE HIGHWAY AND TRANSPORTATION OFFICIALS AASHIO ABOUT AASHTO DESIGNATION NUMBERS Anatomy of a Designation Number Components XXX 16 Standard Type Standard Number Two-Digit Revision Year MXXX-12(2016 Four-Digit Reconfirmation Year Standard Types Standard types are represented by a one-letter abbreviation for full standards.The letter“p"is added for provisional standards.The standard type abbreviations are as follows: M(Materials full) MP(Materials provisional) T(Test full) TP(Test provisional) R(PRactice full) PP(Practice provisional) Standard Numbers Standard numbers are sequential within standard type.A provisional that is subsequently adopted as a full standard will receive a new number;likewise a standard that changes types (e.g.test to practice). Revised vs.Reconfirmed and Discontinued vs.Deleted A full or provisional standard is designated as revised if technical changes have been balloted and approved by AASHTO's Highways Submittee on Materials.A standard is designated as reconfirmed if it has undergone technical review to determine that it is up to date and in use and that it does not require revision;such a review is required: every four years for a full standard and every one or two years for a provisional standard depending on its progress through its&-year provisional life cycle. If a standard is no longer used it may be discontinued by Submittee vote in which case the standard header will be published that year with a notice saying that the standard has been discontinued and giving a brief explanation as to why.In subsequent years the standard will be deleted from the book meaning that it is no longer maintained. Designation Key As of 2021 a key is provided below the designation num...
Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement AASHTO Designation:M 31M/M 31-211 Technically Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:4f Metals ASTM Designation:A615/A615M-20 AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Specification for Deformed and Plain Carbon and Low-Alloy Steel Bars for Concrete Reinforcement AASHTO Designation:M 31M/M 31-211 AASHIO Technically Revised:2021 Technical Submittee:4f Metals ASTM Designation:A615/A615M-20 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers deformed and plain carbon and low-alloy steel concrete reinforcement bars in cut lengths or coils.Steel bars containing alloy additions such as with the AISI and SAE series of alloy steels are permitted if the resulting product meets all the other requirements of this specification.The standard sizes and dimensions of deformed bars and their number designations shall be those listed in Table 1.The text of this specification references notes and footnotes that provide explanatory material.These notes and footnotes (excluding those in tables and figures) shall not be considered as requirements of this specification. 1.2. Bars are of three minimum yield strength levels:namely 280 MPa [40 000 psi] 420 MPa [60 000 psi] and 550 MPa [80 000 psi] designated as Grade 280 [40] Grade 420 [60] and Grade 550[80] respectively.Bars that have carbon contents limited to 0.30 percent or less and that meet the carbon requirements of this specification shall be designated as Type W.Bars that have carbon contents greater than 0.30 percent shall be designated as Type S. 1.3. Hot-rolled plain rounds in sizes up to and including 63.5 mm [2/2 in.in diameter in coils or cut lengths when specified for dowels spirals and structural ties or supports shall be furnished under this specification in Grade 280 [40] Grade 420 [60] and Grade 550 [80]. For ductility properties (elongati...
Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt AASHTO Designation:M 208-18 Technical Submittee:2a Emulsified Asphalts Release:Group 3(July) AASHO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 444 North Capitol Street N.W. Suite 249 Washington D.C.20001 Standard Specification for Cationic Emulsified Asphalt AASHTO Designation:M 208-18 AASHIO Technical Submittee:2a Emulsified Asphalts Release:Group 3(July) 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers 12 grades of cationic emulsified asphalt for use in pavement construction in the manner designated. Note 1-See M 140 for specifications covering emulsified asphalt other than cationic and M316 for specifications covering polymer-modified emulsified asphalt. 1.2. The values stated in SI units are to be regarded as the standard. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standards: ■M140 Emulsified Asphalt ■M316 Polymer-Modified Emulsified Asphalt ■R5 Selection and Use of Emulsified Asphalts ■R66 Sampling Asphalt Materials ■R77 Certifying Suppliers of Emulsified Asphalt ■T49 Penetration of Bituminous Materials ■T51 Ductility of Asphalt Materials ■T59 Emulsified Asphalts T 111 Mineral Matter or Ash in Asphalt Materials ■T382 Determining the Viscosity of Emulsified Asphalt by a Rotational Paddle Viseter 3. REQUIREMENTS 3.1. Upon receipt refer to T 59 for the proper protocol for conditioning the emulsified asphalt prior to mixing and testing.The emulsified asphalt should appear to be homogeneous after thorough mixing.Complete testing of sample for emulsified asphalt properties within 14 days of the sample date.Complete testing for emulsified asphalt residue properties within 30 days of the emulsified asphalt sample date. Note 2-Dilution of the emulsified asphalt to aid in the field application of the material should not occur without approval of the buyer. 3.1.1. If the emulsified asphalt appears to be inhomogeneous after reconditioning and mixing according to T 59 discard and resample for testing if ...
Standard Specification for Steel Strand Low-Relaxation Uncoated Seven-Wire for Concrete Reinforcement AASHTO Designation:M 203M/M 203-20 Technical Submittee:4f Metals Release:Group 2(June) ASTM Designation:A416/A416M-18 AASHIO American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials 555 12th Street NW.Suite 1000 Washington D.C.20004 Standard Specification for Steel Strand Low-Relaxation Uncoated Seven- Wire for Concrete Reinforcement AASHTO Designation:M 203M/M 203-20 AASHIO Technical Submittee:4f Metals Release:Group 2(June) ASTM Designation:A416/A416M-18 1. SCOPE 1.1. This specification covers two grades of uncoated low-relaxation seven-wire steel strand for use in pretensioned and post-tensioned prestressed concrete construction.Grade 1725 [250]and Grade 1860 [270]have minimum ultimate strengths of 1725 MPa [250 ksi]and 1860 MPa [270 ksi] respectively based on the nominal area of the strand. 1.2. The values stated in either SI units or inch-pound units are to be regarded separately as standard. Within the text the inch-pound units are shown in brackets.The values stated in each system are not exact equivalents;therefore each system must be used independently of the other.Combining values from the two systems may result in nonconformance with the specification. 1.3. The supplementary requirements in S1 shall be specified for 15.24-mm-[0.600-in.-]diameter uncoated seven-wire steel strand if needed for applications in prestressed ground anchors. 2. REFERENCED DOCUMENTS 2.1. AASHTO Standard: ■T244 Mechanical Testing of Steel Products 2.2. ASTM Standards: ■ A981/A981M Standard Test Method for Evaluating Bond Strength for 0.600-in.[15.24-mm] Diameter Steel Prestressing Strand Grade 270 [1860] Uncoated Used in Prestressed Ground Anchors ■A1061/A1061M Standard Test Methods for Testing Multi-Wire Steel Prestressing Strand 2.3. IEEE/ASTM Standard: ■ SI 10 American National Standard for Use of the International System of Units (SI):The Modern Metric System ...
ICS 81.060.01 QB 分类号:Y24 备案号:39394-2013 中华人民共和国轻工行业标准 QB/T1642-2012 代替QB/T1642-1992 陶瓷坏体显气孔率、体积密度测试方法 Test method for apparent porosity and bulk density of ceramic body 2012-12-28发布 2013-06-01实施 中华人民共和国工业和信息化部 发布
QB/T1642--2012 前言 本标准按照GB/T1.1-2009给出的规则起草。