Machinery'sHandbook28thEdition INVOLUTESPLINES
standard are retained; plus the addition of three tolerance classes for a total of four. The term In American National Standard ANSI B92.1-1970 (R 1993) many features of the 1960“involute serration formerly applied to involute splines with 45-degree pressure angle hasbeen deleted and the standard now includes involute splines with 30- 37.5- and 45-degreepressure angles. Tables for these splines have been rearranged accordingly. The term
在美国渐开线标准ANSIB92.1-1970（R1993）中，保留了许多1960版本的特征：增加了三种公差等级，现一共有四种公差等级.前版中45度压力角使用的术语“渐开线锯 齿involuteserration”，本版本已经删除.现在版本包含了30度、37.5度和40度压力角的渐开线花键.相对应的表格也做了更新.术语“involute serration”不再适用本标准.
has been deleted because of its infrequent use. The major diameter of the flat root side fit The Standard has only one fit class for all side fit splines; the former Class 2 fit. Class 1 fitspline has been changed and a tolerance applied to include the range of the 1950 and the 1960standards. The interchangcability limitations with splines made to previous standards aregiven later in the section entitled “Interchangeability."
本标准中只有一种齿侧配合情况：第二种情况.在旧标准中的第一种情况由于不太使用已经被删除.平齿根齿侧配合中的大径已经有所变化，并且应用了包含1950和1960
“Interchangeability”代替.
译注A5：旧版中的配合第一种情况是“较松配合”，第二种情况是“较紧配合”.参数是Cvmin，较检配合的Cvmin的值见旧版，这里不讨情况后Smax=Sminm 论.较紧配合的Cvmin-0.原来“最大实际弧齿相宽”的计算公式为：Smax*SminCvminm（具体参数意思看后面意节），删除第一种
There have been no tolerance nor fit changes to the major diameter fit section
外径配合部分，（与旧版相比）公差和配合情况没有改变.
The Standard recognizes the fact that proper assembly between mating splines is dependentonly on the spline being within effective specifications from the tip of the tooth to the form diameter. Therefore on side fit splines the internal spline major diameter now is shown as amaximum dimension and the extemal spline minor diameter is shown as a minimum
（见后面“FormCircle”的定义）.此外，没必要指定额外的控制条件（见“译注B7").
The spline specification tables now include a greater number of tolerance level selections.These tolerance classes were added for greater selection to suit end product needs. Theselections differ only in the tolerance as applied to space width and tooth thickness.
公差在“弧齿槽宽”和“弧齿厚”中应用. 花键的规格表中，提供了多种公差水平的选择，以适应最终装配需求.选择不同的
* See American National Standard ANS1 B92.2M-1980 (R1989) Metric Module Involute Splines; alsosee page 2177.
见美国国家标准ANSIB92.2M-1980（R1989）公制模数渐开线花键，可也参见（原版的）第2177页.
译注A6：渐开线花键（也包括渐开线齿轮）所定文的“齿室”、“齿厚”，都是指弧度方向上的长度.
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The tolerance class used in ASA B5.15-1960 is the basis and is now designated as toleranceClass 5. The new tolerance classes are based on the following formulas:
在ASAB5.15-1960中使用的基本公差，已经被本标准中公差等级5代替，各关系见下表：
ToleranceClass4（公差等级4）=ToleranceClass5（公差等级5）×0.71ToleranceClass6（公差等级6）=ToleranceClass5（公差等级5）×1.40ToleranceClass7（公差等级7）=ToleranceClass5（公差等级5）×2.00
All dimensions listed in this standard are for the finished part. Therefore any pensationthat must be made for operations that take place during processing such as heat treatment must be taken into account when selecting the tolerance level for manufacturing.
本标准罗列的尺寸为最终成品尺寸.因此，在加工过程中必须考虑修正系数，慎重选择加工的公差等级.
effective tooth thickness for all tolerance classes and has two types of fit. For tooth side fits The standard has the same internal minimum effective space width and external maximumthe minimum effective space width and the maximum effective tooth thickness are of equalsplines where they are made to this standard regardless of the tolerance class of the individual members. A tolerance class “mix” of mating members is thus allowed which often is anadvantage where one member is considerably less difficult to produce than its mate and the“average” tolerance applied to the two units is such that it satisfies the design need. For instance assigning a Class 5 tolerance to one member and Class 7 to its mate will provide anassembly tolerance in the Class 6 range. The maximum effective tooth thickness is less thantheminimum effective space width for major diameter fits to allow for eccentricityvariations.
的值是相同的，并且有两种配合类型.齿侧配合类，“内花键最小作用弧齿槽宽”和 本标准中，公差等级的“内花键最小作用弧齿槽宽”和“外花键最大作用弧齿厚”“外花键最大作用弧齿厚”的值相等.这一理念使得根据本标准制造的各种公差等级的单个花键能够互配.一个“混合”公差等级的配合是允许的，这样的优点是在于，一个 配合零件的制造难度更小于与它相配的另一个零件.并且，“平均”的公差，也是设计需要.例如，将一个5级和7级公差的零件配合，可以得到一个范围为6级公差的配合.合适用（装配后）的偏心情况.
specific amount of effective clearance or press fit is desired the change should be made only to In the event the fit as provided in this standard does not satisfy a particular design need and athe external spline by a reduction or an increase in effective tooth thickness and a like changein actual tooth thickness. The minimum effective space width in this standard is always basic.The basic minimum effective space width should always be retained when special designs are derivedfrom theconcept of thisstandard.
如果本标准规定的配合不能满足特殊的作用侧隙或压力配合的设计需要，设计更改应“内花键最小作用弧齿槽宽”是基本值（不变的）.
Terms Applied to Involute Splines.The following definitions of involute spline terms here listed in alphabetical order are given in the American National Standard. Some of these terms are illustrated in the diagram in Table 6.
渐开线花键术语一下列美国国家标准中规定的渐开线花键术语按字母顺序排列，部分
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Machinery'sHandbook28thEdition INVOLUTE SPLINES
术语可参见表6中的图形.
Active Spline Length (La) is the length of spline that contacts the mating spline. On slidingsplines it exceeds the length of engagement.
有效花键长度：花键配合部分的长度.滑动情况下，这个长度长于配合的部分.
considering an infinitely thin increment of axial spline length. Actual Space Width (s) is the circular width on the pitch circle of any single space
实际弧齿槽宽：在内花键节圆（分度圆）上，各齿槽间的弧长度.
considering an infinitely thin increment of axial spline length.
实际弧齿厚：在外花键节圆（分度圆）上，各齿上的弧长度.
Alignment Variation is the variation of the effective spline axis with respect to the referenceaxis (see Fig. 1c).
同心度偏差：实际花键轴心和参考轴心之间的偏差.（见图1c）
译注B2：本译文中的“Variaion”翻译为“偏差”.“Tolerance”翻译为“公差”.因为按照字面理解.“Variaion”指的是实际与理论的相差状志，“Tolerance”指的是相差的具体数值和范围.
Base Circle is the circle from which involute spline tooth profiles are constructed.
基圆：渐开线齿形开始形成处的假象圆.
Base Diameter (Db)is the diameter of the base circle.
基圆直径：基圆所在处的直径.
Basic Space Width is the basic space width for 30-degree pressure angle splines; half thecircular pitch.The basic sace width for 37.5- and 45-degree pressure angle slines however base has about the same thickness as the internal tooth at the form diameter. Thisproportioning results in greater minor diameters than those of parable involute splines of30-degree pressure angle.
的一半.这样，在基圆处的外花键弧齿厚和在“内花键渐开线构成圆的弧齿厚”是相 基本弧齿槽宽：压力角30度下，为周节的一半.压力角37.5度和45度下，要大于周节
Circular Pitch (p) is the distance along the pitch circle between corresponding points ofadjacent spline teeth.
周节：节圆（分度圆）上相邻同侧齿形之间的弧长.
Depth of Engagement is the radial distance from the minor circle of the intermnal spline to themajor circle of the external spline minus corner clearance and/or chamfer depth.
啮合深度：从内花键小径到外花键大径之间的，并减去“conrnerclearance拐角裕度”和（或）倒角的径向距离.
译注B3：conmerclemce，见图2.
Diametral Pitch (P) is the number of spline teeth per inch of pitch diameter. The diametralpitch determines the circular pitch and the basic space width or tooth thickness. In con-junction with the number of teeth it also determines the pitch diameter. (See also Pitch.)
齿数共同确定了节圆直径. 径节：在节圆上，每英寸的花键齿数.他决定了周节和基本弧齿槽宽或弧齿厚.它和
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Machinery'sHandbook28thEdition INVOLUTESPLINES
Effective Clearance (cv) is the effective space width of the internal spline minus theeffective tooth thickness of the mating external spline.
作用侧隙：内花键作用弧齿槽宽减去与之相配的内花键作用弧齿厚.（正值为间隙，负值为过盈）
the pitch circle of an imaginary perfect external spline that would fit the internal spline without Effective Space Width (Sv) of an internal spline is equal to the circular tooth thickness onlooseness or interference considering engagement of the entire axial length of the spline. Theminimum effective space width of the intermal spline is always basic as shown in Table 3. Fitvariations may be obtained by adjusting the tooth thickness of the external spline.
齿外花键节圆弧齿厚”的弧齿槽宽.“内花键最小作用弧齿槽宽”是基本值，其值在表3中列出.用改变外花键的弧齿厚来获得各种不同的配合.
译注B4：EITeiveSpaceWidh（Sv)，国标《GB/T347%.1-2008s 圆柱直齿渐开线花键》（以下简称《GB347%.1)）中的缩写为Ev，
Three Types of Involute SplineVariations
图1a.Lead Variation（齿向偏差）
图1b.ParallelismVariation（平行度偏差）
图1c.Alignment Variation（同轴度偏差）
Effective Tooth Thickness （tv)of an external spline is equal to the circular space width onthe pitch circle of an imaginary perfect internal spline that would fit the external spline withoutlooseness or interference considering engagement of the entire axial length of the spline.
外花键节圆弧齿厚”的弧齿槽宽.
承注B5:Effetive Tooth Thicknes (tv) . 国标 《GB 3478.1) 中的缩写为Sv.
Effective Variation is the accumulated effect of the spline variations on the fit with themating part.
作用偏差：配合渐开线花键上的各种偏差的累积.
Extermal Spline is a spline formed on the outer surface of a cylinder.
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Machinery'sHandbook28thEdition INVOLUTESPLINES
外花键：在圆柱外表面形成的花键.
Fillet is the concave portion of the tooth profile that joins the sides to the bottom of the space.齿根圆弧：联结齿形处和底部（小圆）的凹处部分.
Fillet Root Splines are those in which a single fillet in the general form of an arc joins thesides of adjacent teeth.
圆齿根花键：两侧渐开线齿形由一段或近似一段过渡曲线与底部（小圆）相连的花键.
Flat Root Splines are those in which fillets join the arcs of major or minor circles to the toothsides.
平齿根花键：两侧渐开线齿形各由一段过渡曲线与齿根圆相连接的花键.
Form Circle is the circle which defines the deepest points of involute form control of thethe limits of tooth profile requiring control. It is located near the major circle on the internal tooth profile. This circle along with the tooth tip circle (or start of chamfer circle) determinesspline and near the minor circle on the extermal spline.
渐开线构成圆：渐开线构成圆是用于控制齿廊上渐开线的极限距离的圆.渐开线构成渐开线构成圆的位置靠近内花键的大圆（齿根圆）或者外花键的小圆（齿根圆）. 圆与齿顶圆（或者倒角线的起点所在的圆）共同构成了“所要求的渐开线齿廊”的范围.
译注B6：在（GB/T3478.1-2008》中，将FormCycl定义为两个圆：键的渐开线终止图（内花键用）和渐开线起始圈（外花键用），面在本标准中，将这两个国统称为FommCycle，译者将FonmCyele翻译为渐开线构成图.（这个圈与另外一个圈，构成了渐开线使用的范围）.具 体看《GB34781》中，表1序号17-20和图1渐开线花健联结.
为渐开线齿形，其余部分不一定按照渐开线成形. 译注B7：定义FommCircle（渐开线构成圆）的原因是：在渐开线构成属与齿顶暖（或者例角线的起点所在的圈）之间的花键的齿形必须
译注B8：句中chamer，并不是指真正的倒角，面是一种平滑的过波线.（渐开线和大径或小径的过波线） 译注B9：这个范围是一个直径的范围.也就是从直径A开始到直径B为止，这中同的齿离必须为渐开线.
Form Clearance (cr) is the radial depth of involute profile beyond the depth of engagementwith the mating part. It allows for looseness between mating splines and for eccentricitiesbetween the minor circle (internal) the major circle (external) and their respective pitch circles.
距离.（定义齿形裕度的原因是）它允许相互配合的内、外花键之间存在一定间隙，而 齿形裕度：齿形裕度（c）是相互配合的内、外花键的渐开线齿廊超过结合部分的径向且小径（内花键）、大圆（外花键）、以及内、外花键各自的节圆之间存在一定的偏心距.
译注B10:关于eF请看《GB3478.1》中，围1渐开线花键联结cF，或者本标准表6，图中cF.
Form Diameter (DreD) the diameter of the form circle.
渐开线构成圆直径（DrDn）：渐开线构成圆所在圆的直径.（见译注B4和表6中的图）
Internal Spline is a spline formed on the inner surface of a cylinder.内花键：在圆柱体的孔的内表面形成的花键.
Involute Spline is one having teeth with involute profiles.
渐开线花键：花键的齿形为渐开线形式的花键.
parallel to the reference axis also including parallelism and alignment variations (see Fig. 1a). Lead Variation is the variation of the direction of the spline tooth from its intended directionNote: Straight (nonhelical) splines have an infinite lead.
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