2024ASHRAE HANDBOOK
SI EditionSupported by ASHRAE Research
2024ASHRAEHANDBOOK
Heating Ventilating andAir-ConditioningSYSTEMSANDEQUIPMENT
SIEdition
DEDICATEDTO THE ADVANCEMENT OF
dpdsodASHRAE except by a reviewer who may quote brief passages or reproduce illustrations indsqpo recording or otherwithout permission in writing from ASHRAE. Requests for permis-
mation in this handbook and it is generally reviewed and updated every four years. Com- Volunteer members of ASHRAE Technical Committees and others piled the infor-ments criticisms and suggestions regarding the subjeet matter are invited. Any errors oromissions in the data should be brought to the atention of the Editor. Additions and cor- rections to Handbook volumes in print will be published in the Handbook published the yearfollowing their verification and as soon as verified on the ASHRAE Intemet website.
DISCLAIMER
ASHRAE has piled this publication with care but ASHRAE has not investigated and ASHRAE expressly dislaims any duty to investigate any product service process procedure design or the like that may be described herein. The appearance of any technicalguaranty by ASHRAE of any product service proces procedure design or the like. data or editorial material in this publication does not constitute endorsement warranty orASHRAE does not warrant that the information in this publication is free of errors. The entire risk of the use of any information in this publication is assumed by the user.
ISBN 978-1-955516-84-6ISSN 1930-7705
CONTENTS
Contributors
ASHRAE Technical Committees Task Groups and Technical Resource Groups
ASHRAE Research:Improving the Quality of Life
Preface
AIR-CONDITIONINGANDHEATINGSYSTEMS
Chapter 1. HVAC System Analysis and Selection (TC 9.1 Large Building Air-Conditioning Systems) 2. Decentralized Cooling and Heating (TC 9.1)3. Central Cooling and Heating Plants (TC 9.1) 4. Air Handing and Distribution (TC 9.1)5. In-Room Terminal Systems (TC 9.1) 6. Radiant Heating and Cooling (TC 6.5 Radiant Heating and Cooling)7. Combined Heat and Power Systems (TC 1.1o Combined Heat and Power Systems)9.Applied Heat Pump and Heat Recovery Systems 8. Combustion Turbine Inlet Cooling (TC 1.10)10.Small Forced-Air Heating and Cooling Systems (TC 6.8 Geothermal Heat Pump and Energy Recovery Applications)11.Steam Systems (TC 6.1 Hydronic and Steam Equipment and Systems) (TC 6.3 Central Forced Air Heating and Cooling Systems)12.District Heating andCooling TC 6.2 District Energy) 13.Hydronic Heating and Cooling (TC 6.1)15. Medium- and High-Temperature Water Heating (TC 6.1) 14. Condenser Water Systems (TC 6.1)17. Germicidal Ultraviolet Lamp Systems (TC 2.9 Ultraviolet Air and Surface Treatment) 16. Infrared Radiant Heating (TC 6.5)18. Variable Refrigerant Flow [TC 8.7 Variable Refrigerant Flow (VRF)]
AIR-HANDLINGEQUIPMENTANDCOMPONENTS
Chapter 20. Room Air Distribution Equipment (TC 5.3 Room Air Distribution) 19. Duct Construction (TC 5.2 Duct Design)21. Fans (TC 5.1 Fans) 22. Humidifers (TC 5.11 Humidifying Equipment)23. Air-Cooling and Dehumidifying Coils (TC 8.4 Air-to-Refrigerant Heat Transfer Equipment) 24.DesiccantDehumidification andPressure-DryingEquipment(TC 8.10 Mechanical and Desiccant Dehumidification Equipment Heat Pipes and25.Mechanical Dehumidifiers and Related Components (TC 8.10) Components)26.Air-to-Air Energy Recovery Equipment (TC 5.5 Air-to-Air Energy Recovery) 27. Air-Heating Coils (TC 8.4)28. Unit Ventilators Unit Heaters and Makeup Air Units (TC 6.1 Hydronic and Steam Equipment and Systems)29. Air Cleaners for Particulate Contaminants (TC 2.4 Particulate Air Contaminants and Particulate Contaminant Removal Equipment)30.AirPolution ControlandIndustrial Gas Cleaning [TC 5.4 Industrial Process Air Cleaning (Air Pollution Control)]
HEATINGEQUIPMENTANDCOMPONENTS
Chapter31. Automatic Fuel-Burmning Systems (TC 6.10 Fuels and Combustion) 32. Boilers (TC 6.1)34. Residential In-Space Heating Equipment (TC 6.5) 33. Furnaces (TC 6.3)35. Chimney Vent and Fireplace Systems (TC 6.10) 36. Hydronic Heat-Distributing Units and Radiators (TC 6.1)37. Solar Energy Equipment (TC 6.7 Solar and Other Renewable Energies)
COOLINGEQUIPMENTANDCOMPONENTS
38. Compressors (TC 8.1 Positive Displacement Compressors and TC 8.2 Centrifugal Machines) 39. Condensers TC 8.4 TC 8.5 Liquid-to-Refrigerant Heat Exchangers and40. Cooling Towers (TC 8.6) TC 8.6 Cooling Towers and Evaporative Condensers)41. Evaporative Air-Cooling Equipment (TC 5.7 Evaporative Cooling)43. Liquid-Chilling Systems (TC 8.1 and TC 8.2) 42.Liquid Coolers (TC 8.5)
GENERALCOMPONENTS45.Motors Motor Controls and Variable-Frequency Drives 44. Centrifugal Pumps (TC 6.1)(TC 1.11 Electric Motors and Motor Control)47. Heat Exchangers (TC 6.1) 46. Valves (TC 6.1)
PACKAGED UNITARY ANDSPLIT-SYSTEMEQUIPMENT
Chapter48.Unitary Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps (TC 8.11 Unitary and Room Air Conditioners and Heat Pumps)49. Room Air Conditioners and Packaged Terminal Air Conditioners (TC 8.11)
GENERAL51.Dedicated Outdoor Air Systems (TC 8.10)52. Codes and Standards
Additions and Corrections
IndexComposite index to the 2021 Fundamentals 2022 Refrigeration 2023 HVAC Applications and 2024 HVAC Systems and Equipment volumes