超全考点梳理易错点拨
【复习建议】
1.掌握介词的常见用法及易混介词的辨析：
2.掌握介词与其他词所构成的一些固定短语：
3.掌握在定语从句中介词的使用情况.
介词的分类
分类 特点 例词about across after against among around at belo简单介词 即一个介词 w beyond，during，in，on等等.合成介词 由两个介词构成合成词according to because of instead of up to due to o into onto throughout upon within短语介词 由短语构成 wing to，thanks to等等.from among from behind from under till after in b双重介词 由两个介词搭配而成 etween等等.considering[8..而论) including， regarding， concernin分词介词 由现在分词转化而来 g等.兼类介词 由形容词直接转化而来 like，unlike， near，next，opposite 等等.
考向①介词短语的功能
介词不能独立在句中做成份，介词后必须与名词、代词、或动名词构成介词短语在句中充当一个成分，表示人、物、事件等与其它人、物、事件等之间的关系.
介词短语的功能 例句作定语They didn't find the solution to the problem.
We have breakfast at seven.（表时间）They were late for the meeting because of the heavy rain.（表原因]）作状语 What do you mean by doing such_a_thing?(表方法)Nothing in the world could live without air or water.(表条件)作表语 When 1 paid a visit to you yesterday you were not at home.作宾语补足语 1found the oldbuilding in a_badcondition
考向② 常考介词的辨析
介词是英语中最活跃的词类之一，使用频率相当高，其用法跟冠词一样复杂.但根据近年来高考命题的情况来看，考生需要掌握以下内容.
1.表示相同或相似概念的介词（短语）的区别
表示的概念 介词（短语） 区别 例in at在一个时间点上： ①at 8 o'clock at noonon in在一段的时间之内： ②in the 1990s in Januaryat on在具体日子. ③on Monday on a warm morningsince 指从过去到现在的一段 ①We have not seen each other sincesince 时间，和完成时连用： 1995.from from指从时间的某一点开 ②1 hope to do morning exercises fro始. m today.in指在一段时间之后，也可以in 指一段时间之内=within： ①Well be back in three days.after after表示某一具体时间点之 ②After seven the rain began to fall.时间 后或用在过去时的一段时间 ③What shall we do after graduation?中.in the end作”最后"、终 ①In the end they reached a place of于”解，单独作句子成分，后 safety.in the end f表示”在....末， 不接介词of：at the endo ②At the end of the road stands a be到尽头，既可指时间， autiful garden.by the end of at the end of 也可以指地上或物体，不可单 ③They decided to have an English ev独使用：by the end of 作 ening at the end of this week.“在结束时"， ④By the end of last month he had fi到末为止”解，只能指 nished the novel.
among 以上的中间. ②He is always happy among his classmates.①Agreements were made between the注意：但有时说的虽然是三个以上的人或东西， different countries.强调的是两两相互间接关系时、在谈到一些事 ②The little valley lies between high物或一组事物，而把它们视为分居两边时以及 mountains.在谈事物间的差别时，就用between. ③They don’t know the difference between wheat rice and coin.in in表示在某范围内： ①Changchun is in the northeast of Chinon on指与什么毗邻； a.to to指在某环境范围之外. ②Mongolia is on the north of China.③Japan is to the east of China.①There is a book on the piece of pape位置 on on只表示在某物的表面上， r. ②/There is an interesting article in thein 面用in表示占去某物一部分. ③ He dug a hole in the wall. newspaper.in通常表示位置（静态）：in into表示动向，不表示目的地 ①We walked in the park.into 或位置. ②We walked into the park.through表示从内部通过，与through in有关：across则表示从一端 ①Water flows through the pipe.across 至另一端在表面上的通过，与 ②The old man walked across the street.on有关，in the corner表示在角落里，in指角的内面：on the cornein the corner r表示”在角上”，on指的不 ①The lamp stands in the corner of thon the corner 是内面，也不是外面，而含内 e room.at the corner 外兼有之意：at the er ② met with him at the street corner.指”在拐角处”，at指的是拐 ③He sat on the corner of the table.角外附近的外面.besides besides指除了....还有，再 ①All went out besides me.除了 except 加上“：except指“除了，减 ②All went out except me.but 去什么”，不能放在句首，b ③1 never saw him reading anything b
ng等和其他疑间词后面.except for表示“如无..，只是”表明理由细节.表示的概念 构成 例动作（表进行概 at dinner/table 在吃饭at work 在工作at war交战念、表被动的关 at名词 at cards 在玩牌 at work在办公at play 在玩要系） at rest在休息 school在上学 at press 正在排印at church在做礼拜beyond belief 难以置信 beyond control不听管教.beyond名词 beyond pare无可比拟 beyond description难以形容beyond expression无法表达 beyond suspicion无可怀疑in the army在当兵in needof 需要 inaction在运转in progress在进行in operation在运行中in use开始使用in名词 in sight 看得见 in store贮藏着或in名词of in course of construction正在兴建当中 in good）repair 维修良好的名词 in courseof shipment.定的货正在运输途中.in charge of 负责 in the charge of 由..负责in possession of 拥有 in the possession of 被..拥有on business 办事/出差 on holiday/vacation/leave 在休假on watch值班 on duty 值勤/日on guard在值勤 on strike 在罢工on sale 出售 on loan借贷on名词 on the march 在行军 on trial 在试用on the air在广播 on fire 在燃烧onthe move在移动，搬迁，离开on show/display/exhibition 在展出under control在控制之中 under discussion 在讨论underdevelopment在发展中 under observation在观察中under名词 under test 在被测试 under construction 在建设中under fire 在炮火中 under examination在检查/调查中under consideration 在考虑中 under repair在修理中under arrest 被逮捕 underattack受到袭击
under medical treatment 在治疗中under study在研究中againstone's opinion反对某人的见解forone'sopinion同意某人的见解abovereproach无可指责，无可非议其他 above suspicion 不受怀疑abovecriticism无可指责at themercyof在...支配下：任由....据布forsale供出售forrent供出租within sight看得见
1.（2019江苏卷单项填空）Favorablepoliciesare toencourage employees' professional development.
A. in effectB. in mandC. in turnD. in shape
【答案】A
【解析】考查介词短语.句意：好的制度政策实际上都会激发员工的专业水平的提升.A.ineffect实际上；B.in mand指挥；C.in turn轮流，依
次；D.inshape在外形上，处于良好的状态.故选A.
2.（2019-新课标1卷语法填空）Modemmethods___63___trackingpolarbear populations have been employed only since the mid-1980s andare expensive to perform (perform) consistently over a large area.
【答案】of/for
【解析】考查介词用法.此处trackingpolarbearpopulations作Modernmethods 的定语，用of 连接，“methods of doing sth.”，意为“..的方法”，构成固定结构.或者意为“对于跟踪北极熊的方法”用for.故填of/for.
