Firebehaviourofbuildingmaterials DINandbuildingponents 4102Pipe encasements pipe bushings service shafts and ducts and barriers Part 11Brandverhalten von Baustoffen und Bauteilen; Rohrummantelungen Rohrabschottungen Installationsschachteundkanle sowie Abschlisse ihrer Revisionsoffnungen;BegriffeAnforderungen und PrifungenIn keeping with current practice in standards publishedby the International Organization for Standardization (ISO) DIN 4102 is divided into the followings Parts: a ma has been used throughout as the decimal marker.DIN 4102 Part 1 *ABojoujuan :sjeageu Buplinq squauoduoo buspynq pue sjeyaneu Supinq jo anoAeyaq auiDIN 4102 Part 2 Fire behaviour of building materials and building ponents; building ponents; terminology requirements and testingrequirements and testingDIN 4102 Part 3 Fire behaviour of building materials and building ponents; fire walls and non-loadbearing outer walls; terminology requirements and testingDIN 4102 Part 4 Fire behaviour of buiding materials and building ponents summary and use of clasified building materials building ponents and special building ponentsDIN 4102 Part 5 m useeq uqpes qonq DIN 4102 Part 6 *ABojouu sonp uoeun suauduoo bupq pue seyeu fupinq o noeaq a and glazings resistant against fire; terminology requirements and testingDIN 4102 Part 7 Fire behviour f buildingmaterials andbuilding ponentsroofing:teminologyrequirements requirements and testingand testingDIN 4102 Part 8 (at present at the stage of draft) Fire behaviour of building materials and building ponents; small scale test furnaceDIN 4102 Part 11Fire behaviour of building materials and building ponents; pipe encasements pipe bushings pe sooa uudo asu ssoe saeqpe snp pe ss atestingStandards dealing with the fire behaviour of sealing pounds used for cable passages through building ponents and specifying methods of testing the reliability of electric cables in a fire situation are in course of preparation.
Dimensions in mm
Contents
Page
5 Service shafts and ducts barriers across inspection oe5.1 Requirements openings ... 4 45.2.1 Test furnace 4 45.2.2 Type and size of specimens and test arrangement 45.3Testing of service ducts 5.2.3 Procedure 45.3.1 Test furnace 4 45.3.2Type and size of specimens and test arrangement 45.3.3 Procedure 5.4 Testing of barriers across inspection openings . 4 45.4.1 Type and size of specimens and test arrangement 45.4.2 Procedure.. 56 Test certificate 5Standards referred to.......... 11Other relevant documents .11Explanatory notes 12
1 Scope and field of application . . 22 Conoepts........ 2.1 Fire resistance time . .. 2 22.2 Measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along2.3 Service shafts pipes (pipe bushings) 2 22.4 Service ducts 2.5 Barriers across inspection openings..... 2 23 Verification of fire resistance classes. 3.1 Verification on the basis of fire tests 23.2 Classification into fire resistance classes 2 34Pipe encasements and pipe bushings 4.1 Requirements 34.2 Testing ...... 4.2.1Sampling ... 34.2.3Type and size of specimens and test 4.2.2 Test furnace 34.2.4Procedure arrangement .... 3 34.2.4.1Fire test with minimum exposure to fire... 34.2.4.2 Fire test based on the standard temperature-time curve 44.2.4.3Fire test with exposure to smouldering fire.. 4
Continued on pages 2 to 12
1Scope and field of application
This standard defines concepts relating to fire protectionand specifies requirements and tests for measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along service shafts anddutsandlnieling anyln layers and sheathing. Pipe encasements and pipe bushings service shafts and ducts shall be so designed as to prevent the spread of fire and smoke through floors and wallsduring the fire resistance time specified in table 1.
thistandard donotcover the risk of fire spread due to The protective measures evaluated in accordance withconsequenceofthe thermalelongationorshorteningof the passage of heat along pipes. The risk of damage as athe pipes is dealt with only in respect of the structure of the specimens. The testing of service ducts as specified inthis standard does not cover the risk of damage caused by falling pipe and cable supports or ducts nor does itinclude an assessment of the reliability of the pipes andcables laid inside them such as emergency power supply lines.')
In addition this standard does not deal with the possibility of the leakage of dangerous liquids or gases as a result ofthe destruction of pipes under fire conditions.
This standard does not apply to the testing of sealingpounds for cable bushings²)nor to the testing ofspreadof firealongventilationducts seeDIN4102 ventilation shafts and fire dampers for preventing theshafts assigned to fire resistance classes I 30 to I 120 and Part6).However this does not exclude the use of serviceencasements for vertical ventilation ducts with fire tested as specified in this standard as fire resistantdampers made of sheet steel in accordance with DIN 18 017 Parts 1 to 33).
This standard does not deal with methods of testingcable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0604 Parts 1 to 3 (at present at the stage of draft) trunking for undergroundcable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0634 Part 2 (at presentance of shavings or used as laundry chutes or for waste disposal.
2Concepts
2.1 Fire resistance time
The fire resistance time is the minimum length of time in minutes during which fire and smoke is prevented byshafts and ducts and through barriers across inspectionclauses 4.2.4.2 5.2.3 5.3.3 or 5.4.2 using the standard openings in fire tests carried out as specified in sub-
Table 1. Fire resistance classes R and I *)
Fine resistance clas Fire resistance class of service shafts and Fire resistancefor measures against the spread of fire slong pipes ducts and barriers scross their time in mininspection openingsR30 R 60 30 60 AN 30 60R90 R 120 061 1 120 ≥120 90
temperature-time curve. The fire resistance classes given intable1arediferentiatedaocording to thefireresistance time.
2.2Measures taken to prevent the spread of fire along pipes (pipe bushings)
ese ppes suysnqaddouosud ameasure serving to prevent the spread of fire along pipes.through abuilding ponent for which fire resistancerequirements exist.
d sd o d ashall also be regarded as a measure serving to prevent thespread of fire along pipes.
2.3 Service shafts
Fortheufthstanadvihf building ponents which are separate from the restof thestructureorlacedonthefloorsof buildingsand which can be sealed in the floor zone. A distinction is tobe drawn between:
service shafts for non-bustible services);service shafts for any services shafts for electrical installations.
2.4 Service ducts
Forthusef thstandrdvidnon-accessible predominantly horizontal building -ponents serving to acodate electrical installations which pass through several rooms. The ducts may besealed inside where they pass through walls or floors. Cable ducts covered by DIN VDE 0604 Parts 1 to 3 andunderground cableducts coveredby DINVDE0634 Part 2 are not service ducts as defined in this standard.
2.5 Barriers across inspection openings
shafts and ducts and shall be assessed in connection with these.
3Verification of fire resistance classes
3.1Verification on the basis of fire tests
Proof of the fire resistance class of pipe encasements across inspection openings shall be provided by means of pipe bushings and service shafts and ducts and barriers
*) See Explanatory notes.1）Astandardsecifyingmethodsof testingthereliability of electric cables in a fire situation is in course ofpreparation.2) A standard dealing with the fire behaviour of sealing pounds for cable bushings is in course of3) This shall also apply to ventilation ducts conforming preparation.to DIN 18 017 Part 1 and Part 3 which are made of other non-bustible materialsand are provided withfire dampers in the case of service shafts it shall only apply if these acodate non-bustible services.4) However small quantities of bustible materials forsealing ducts and as insulation against structure-borne noise are permitted at the fixing points.
a test certificate issued on the basis of tests carried outas specified in this standard 5)
The criterion for classification into a fire resistance classless than two identical specimens. is the least favourable result of tests carried out on not
3.2 Classification into fire resistance classes
The service shafts and ducts dealt with in DIN 4102Part 4 shall be assigned to the fire resistance class given in D1N 4102 Part 4 without being tested as specifiedin clause 5.
Note. Classified pipe encasements and pipe sealings are notdealt with in D1N 4102 Part 4 March 1981 edition.
4Pipe encasements and pipe bushings
4.1Requirements
Thespecimensasembledwittheappropriatepiessin practice shall meet the following requirements in the fire test carried out as specified in subclause 4.2 for theduration of the fire resistance time:
a) The passage of fire and smoke from the furnace or from pipe encasements outside the furnace and fromthe pipes themselvesshall be prevented (see DIN 41026.2.6 for the definition of “passage of fire'). This
Part2em7dna52shall not apply to the upper open end of pipes which b)The temperaturerise above theinitialambient temper in practice terminate in the open air.ature on the unexposed surfaces of pipe encasements pipe sealings and the pipes themselves outside the furnace shall not exoeed140 K as an average value10 od Aue se anjn wnxe e se x 0 -
The above limiting value for the mean temperature rise shall not apply to the testing of pipe sealings.
4.2 Testing
4.2.1 Sampling
Pipe encasements and pipe bushings shall always be tested separately in respect of their use for horizontal andvertical pipes.
For pipe bushings installed in floors heating of the floorsoffit constitutes in general the less favourable case. In case of doubt the behaviour when exposed to heatfrom above shall also be examined.
odid uo o apo aq es seap uo au encasement or pipe bushing tested:
the minimum inside pipe diameter envisaged together with the minimum pipe wall thickness;- the maximum inside pipe diameter envisaged together with the maximum pipe wall thickness;
5）hereliabilityfotingsfmsr smilarotetiv layers applied on the inside the surface or in thejoints of building ponents which bee effective when exposed to thermal stress cannot be assessedsolely on the basis of this standard; other proofs of suitability shallbe supplied for example in thecontext of granting a general building inspectorateapproval fin the United Kingdom referred to as agrement) for the building material concerned.
and
4.2.2 Test fumace
4.2.4 Procedure
each pipe material envisaged;-each type of pipe envisaged where appropriate blank and spare bushings.
Theminimumdimenionsof the testfurnace shallbeasgiven in figure 1; DIN 4102 Part 2 shall apply to allother features of the test furnace.
Note. The small-scale test furnace conforming toDIN 4102 Part 8 may also be used for deter-rating and thermal insulating effect of bushings mining single characteristics such as the sepa-for non-bustible pipes.
ringinracticefrexamlebranhesandbendsshall The pipes shall be installed as in practice. Fittings occur-included in the fire test unless their influence on the firebe assessed reliably without a fire test. Stench traps shall be filled with water When deciding on a test arrangement it shall be taken into account whether the pipe passage is fixed or sliding. The appropriate pipe movements shallbe carried out during the fire test. Figure 1 shows anexample of test arrangement for testing sewer pipes.
This test arrangement incorporates branches in theproximity of the fioor which are covered pletely with a minimum of 2 cm thick mortar in the soffit zone.Gulliesntcoveredby suhalayer ofmortar shallbe tese separately.
Forpneumatiuesystemsanddustxtractinshefiretest shall be carried out with a working pressure of 0 5 bar.
4.2.4.1Fire test with minimum exposure to fire
bustible materials (class A as defined in DIN 4102passages of the same type this test need onlybe cared Part 1). In the case of pipe bushings for wall and floorout on the vertical pipe.
The pipe shall be heated by a flame around 200 mm in( ue suny os) snu o o poad e o yuflamebymeltingshrinkingorpartial disintegrationof If the pipe material is removed from the action of thethe pipe the heat source shall be adjusted in such a way that the tip of the flame is approximately 30 mm abovepapnuoo pewaap aq eus san au1 pausinugxa aq ou the lower edge of the pipe. Flames on the specimen shallonly when no further flame formation is observed.
The test shall be carried out either on one specimen eachas specified in subclause 4.2.4.2 (ignition at the leastfavourable point) or using a separate test arrangement in accordance with figure 3.
4.2.4.2 Fire test based on the standard temperature-time curve
The test shallbe carried out as specified inDIN4102Part 2 September 1977 edition subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3 to 6.2.8. The thermocouples for measuring theaverage rise in temperature of the specimens shall belocated at a distance of 10 cm and 60 cm from the wall or floor. For pipes encased only partially or with differentmaterialstheaveragerisnemperature shall determined separately for each part which is encaseddifferently. Two measuring points shall be arranged for each cross section to be measured.
4.2.4.3 Fire test with exposure to smouldering firePipe bushings which are made of materials whose effectiveness in providing protection against fire developsonly under the influence of the heat from a fire and which therefore require a certain reaction time for thechange in their structure to take place shalt in addition be subjected to a fire test lasting 40 minutes with atemperature-tmecurveinaocordancewithfigure4ifthere is any doubt that the pipe bushing will be fully effective on exposure to smouldering fire.For carryingout this test the specifications of subclause 4.2.4.2 shall apply for all other details of the test procedure.
5Service shafts and ducts barriers across inspection openings
5.1 Requirements
The secimensmounted asinpractice shallmeet te followingrequirementswhentestedinaccordancewithsubclauses 5.2 5.3 or 5.4:
a)The pasage of fire and smoke fromthe furnace or
from the service shaft or duct shall be prevented.e perature on the unexposed surfaces of service shaftsnA seaAe ue se O1 - and ducts outside the fumace shall not exceedJOc) It shall be possible to open barriers across inspection 180 K as a maximum value at any point.openings solely with the aid of special tools keys (no door handle shall be present) or similar tools. Itshallbepossible toopenall barrersacrossaccessible inspection openings with ease from the inside forexample by means of a door handle. Proper functioning of the hinges and closing mechanisms shall not be impaired by opening and closing 50 times before the fire test. Therequirements specified under itms a)and b)suuadouodsueeq o dde osjeu when tested in accordance with subclause 5.2 orsubclause 5.3. As a departure from the requirementswall of the shaft or duct when testing in accordance with subclause 5.4.
specified under item b) it suffices if the temperature of the barriers is not higher than that of the adjoining
5.2Testing of service shafts
5.2.1 Test furnace
The test furnace shall ply with the requirementsspecified in subclause 4.2.2.
5.2.2Type and size of specimens and test arrangementThe service shafts to be tested shall be constructed in accordance with the design intended for use. If theservice shafts are made of fittings which are not suitable for connection to solid walls all four sides of thespecimen shall be made of the fittings concerned.
sides of a service shaft then one specimen representing If in practice solid buildingponents form one ormrea service shaft used to acodate non-bustible services shall be constructed in accordance with figure 5and one used to acodate any type of service in accordance with figures 6 and 7.
In the case of shafts used to acodate electricalinstallations the specimen is to be fitted only with the electrical installations listed in figures 5 and 6.
The outer cross section of the service shaft shall measure 0 75 m X 2 00 m. 1f these dimensions are not reachedin practice the largest cross section shall be used.
The specimens shall incorporate barriers across inspection openings.
5.2.3 Procedure
Testing shallbe carredout as specified inDIN4102 Part 2 September 1977 edition subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3to 6.2.8 thespeciensbeing exosed tofire onallsides. Themeasuring pointsfordeterminingtheaveragesurfacefigures 6 and 7. temperature shall be located as shown in figure 5 or
5.3 Testg of service ducts
5.3.1 Test furnace
specified in subclause 4.2.2. The test furnace shall ply with the requirements
5.3.2 Type and size of specimens and test arrangementThe service ducts to be tested shall be constructed in accordance with figure 8 following the design intendedfor use in practice. They shall be suspended with the means of fixing used in practice or laid or supported incross section (height × width) of the service duct shall a vertical position on the floor of the furnace. The outerin practice the largest cross section shall be used. be 0 50 m × 1 00 m. If these dimensions are not reached
The specimens shall incorporate barriers across theinspection openings.
5.3.3 Procedure
Testing shall be carried out as specified in DIN 41026.2.3 to 6.2.8 the specimens being exposed to fire solely Part 2 September 1977 edition subclauses 6.2.1 andin the wall zone between furnace and observation room.
5.4 Testing of barriers across inspection openingsThe barriers to be tested shall conform in type and size ese ss oise to those used in practice. Where a particular type of barrier is available in different sizes only the largest andsmallest size need be tested in each case. The specimens shall be mounted in a shaft or duct wall as in practice.The wall construction shall correspond to the actual service shaft orduct within an area around the specimens measuring O 5 m in width. In the case of barriers inservice shafts constructed of solid walls the specimens shall be mounted in 10 cm thick walls of aerated concrete.
In addition the test certificate shall include observationsdeformations and also details regarding any limitations with regard to thermal elongation or shortening and othergiven on methods of fixing ensuring the structural sta- in practical use. For service ducts information should bebility of the ducts in a fire situation.
5.4.2 Procedure
Testing shall be carried out as specified in DIN 4102Part 2 September 1977 edition subclauses 6.2.1 and 6.2.3 to 6.2.8.
6Test certificate
If service shafts and ducts without inspection openings and their barriers have been tested this shall be stated onthe first page of the test certificate.
A test certificate shall be issued covering the test pro-editionlseshallapplyfr thisasapropriat cedure and test results. DIN 4102 Part 2 September 1977table 2 being however irrelevant in this context. Each type of assembly shall be described especially if therein figures 1 5 6 7 and 8. are any deviations from the test arrangements illustrated
edppey n leus (glenoudde eeodsu unlichen Zulassung (Test certificate for application for ageneral inspectorate approval).
Any deviations in thickness of aerated concrete flioorsstated. or walls from the values given in subclause 4.2.3 shall be
